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Geology (GLGY 381-UCAL) Final Exam
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Question 1 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 2 |
A | Transgression |
B | Forced regression |
C | Global tectonics |
D | Regression |
E | Rate of chemical weathering |
Question 3 |
A | Climate and weather |
B | Velocity of rivers |
C | Tectonics such as subsidence and uplift |
D | None of the answers are correct. |
E | Sediment load |
Question 4 |
A | The line between the lateral contact of two sets of widely different strata. |
B | An unexplained nonconformity. |
C | A sudden increase of deposition in a specific window of geologic time. |
D | A discontinuity in the age of strata due to lack of deposition. |
Question 5 |
A | The pressure on both sides of the continental or oceanic boundaries must be at equilibrium. |
B | The force of the load due to gravity must be large enough to overcome the forces within the crust resulting flexure. |
C | I have no clue what the hell you are talking about. I hate applied principles of geology. Hint: Since you have pick this one, I suggest that you click and open the renaming choices just to read what it was.....? |
D | The forces within the crust should exceed the forced applied on the crust by the load resulting flexure. |
Question 6 |
A | Sediments will be mostly filled in the continental shelf with very little to no sed deposition on the basin. |
B | Accommodation space will be moved towards the shoreline. |
C | Accommodation space always will be deceased significantly. |
D | Sediments will be mostly filled in the basin bypassing the deposition process on the continental shelf. |
Question 7 |
In which area would you expect to find the passive margin (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-41)
A | P |
B | T |
C | H |
D | N |
E | R |
Question 8 |
A | Sand dominated deposits |
B | Mud and silt dominated deposits |
C | Extremely low subsidence |
D | Gravel dominated deposits |
E | Extremely high subsidence |
Question 9 |
A | near the mid ocean ridge |
B | near the shore line |
C | inner the inner shelf |
D | near the wave base |
Question 10 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 4 |
B | 2 |
C | 5 |
D | 3 |
E | 1 |
Question 11 |
A | Warm and wet seasons |
B | Retrogradation |
C | Lowstand |
D | Highstand |
Question 12 |
A | forebulge |
B | basin |
C | foredeep |
D | channel |
E | backbuldge |
F | wedgetop |
G | foreland |
Question 13 |
A | toplap |
B | downlap |
C | erosional surface |
D | onlap |
Question 14 |
A | True |
B | Flase |
Question 15 |
A | Foreset |
B | Topset |
C | Distalset |
D | Bottomset |
Question 16 |
A | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. coarsening upwards |
B | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
C | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. coarsening upwards |
D | I. coarsening upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
E | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. fining upwards |
Question 17 |
A | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
B | A. Lowstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
C | A. Rising inflection point (RIP)
B. highstand |
D | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
E | A. Highstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
Question 18 |
A | None of the answers are correct |
B | Wave-dominated deltas |
C | Fan deltas |
D | Tide-dominated deltas |
Question 19 |
A | transgredation |
B | aggradation |
C | progradation |
D | retogradation |
Question 20 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 21 |
A | foredeep |
B | wedgetop |
C | forebulge |
D | backbulge |
Question 22 |
A | Regression Hint: Close, but this is not the right term! |
B | Progradation |
C | Transgression |
D | Rising sea level |
E | Increase in accommodation space |
Question 23 |
A | forebulge |
B | suckdeep |
C | backbulge |
D | wedgetop |
E | foredeep |
Question 24 |
A | passive margins. |
B | active margins. |
C | volcanic regions. |
D | margins with high slope basements. |
Question 25 |
A | At first it will rapidly decrease the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will increase the carbonate productivity as terrigenous clastic supply will introduce essential chemical components to the system. |
B | Increased terrigenous clastic supply reduces carbonate productivity. |
C | There is no effect because the carbonate productivity is independent of terrigenous clastic supply. |
D | At first terrigenous clastic supply will rapidly increase the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will create chemical barriers reducing carbonate productivity. |
Question 26 |
What letter on the following cartoon represent the toplap-downlap sequence? (yes, it is a two different things, so watch out!) (ID-SSF-44)
A | C |
B | B and C |
C | B |
D | A and C |
E | A |
F | A and B |
Question 27 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 28 |
A | disconformity |
B | a conformity. |
C | paraconformity |
D | a hiatus. |
E | angular unconformity. |
Question 29 |
A | A. Oscillating B. Non-oscillating |
B | A. high B. low |
C | A. low B. high |
D | A. Non-oscillating B. Oscillating |
Question 30 |
The Magmatic Arc is represented by... (choose from red letters) (ID-SSF-42)
A | B |
B | E |
C | C |
D | D |
E | A |
Question 31 |
A | Sediment influx will be significantly decreased as deposited sediments within the accommodation space is used up to produce new oceanic crust. |
B | Active spreading ridges would have no impact on either sediment influx or global sea levels because this activity will be balanced through subduction. |
C | Global sea level will be increase as the new oceanic crust takes up space in basins. |
D | Global sea level will be decrease as new oceanic crust is formed due to spreading. |
E | Sediment influx will be significantly increased as continental crust is pushed further upwards resulting greater erosion. |
Question 32 |
A | True |
B | False because it can preserve only up to few thousands of years because tidal currents disturb the depositional process. |
C | False because it can only preserve up to about half a million years. |
Question 33 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 4 |
B | 1 |
C | 2 |
D | 5 |
E | 3 |
Question 34 |
A | Decrease in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
B | Increase in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
C | Increase in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
D | Decrease in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
E | Increase in relative sea level and increase in subsidence the same time. |
Question 35 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 36 |
A | transform faulting |
B | subduction and trenches |
C | hot spots |
D | sea-floor spreading and mid-ocean ridges |
E | continental volcanoes |
Question 37 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 38 |
A | near paraconformities |
B | near mid ocean ridges(MOR) |
C | near nonconformities |
D | on the volcanic arc |
E | on the basin floor fan. |
Question 39 |
A | clockwise direction. |
B | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
C | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
D | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
Question 40 |
A | super surge. |
B | storm surge. |
C | torpedo rise. |
D | super elevation. Hint: READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY. |
Question 41 |
A | Global tectonics |
B | Relative base level |
C | Rate of chemical weathering |
D | Rifting mechanisms |
E | Eustasy |
Question 42 |
A | Aggradational |
B | Transgressional |
C | Progradational |
D | Retogradational |
Question 43 |
A | They are typically associated with low density sediment loads. |
B | They drive the forces needed for delta formation. |
C | They often result in turbidites deposition. |
D | They only occurred in the per-Cambrian and no longer observed in modern day environments. |
E | They carry sediments on top of sea waters for a long distances out into the ocean before settling to the bottom. |
Question 44 |
A | transgression |
B | regression and transgression |
C | regression |
D | forced regression |
E | regression and forced regression |
Question 45 |
A | spatial |
B | analytical |
C | temporal |
D | theoretical |
E | practical |
Question 46 |
A | When dealing with areas that is difficult to access. |
B | When analyzing fossils and chemical composition (carbon) to date formations. |
C | When analyzing data collected from a large region. |
D | When analyzing data collected in a small region. |
Question 47 |
A | paraconformities. |
B | abyssal plains.. |
C | basins. |
D | disconformities. |
Question 48 |
A | clockwise direction. |
B | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
C | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
D | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
Question 49 |
A | members |
B | beds |
C | supergroups |
D | groups |
E | formations |
Question 50 |
A | Long term variations in the orbit of the Earth which result in changes in climate. |
B | Long term variations in the volume of glaciers which result in global sea level changes. |
C | Long term variations in the rate of sea floor spreading and subduction which result in global sea-level changes. |
D | Long term variation in atmospheric conditions which results in global changes in sedimentary processes. |
E | Long term variations in global temperatures that is caused by natural cycles of the Sun. |
Question 51 |
A | more denser |
B | more basaltic |
C | more mafic |
D | more granitic |
Question 52 |
A | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
B | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
C | None of the answers listed here are correct. |
D | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
E | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
Question 53 |
A | No |
B | Yes |
Question 54 |
A | oceanic shelf. |
B | continental shelf. |
C | the mid ocean ridge. |
D | the basin. |
E | continental boundary. |
Question 55 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 5 |
B | 4 |
C | 3 |
D | 7 |
E | 6 |
Question 56 |
A | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and slope is associated with basin. |
B | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and subsidence are associated with basin. |
C | Discharge, relief and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
D | Discharge and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
E | Discharge, subsidence and accommodation are associated with hinterland and subsidence is associated with basin. |
Question 57 |
A | Sandy deposits |
B | Clastic deposits |
C | Coastal plain deposits |
D | Muddy deposits |
Question 58 |
A | It is based on the type of tectonic and basinal setting. |
B | Third-order |
C | First-order |
D | Second-order |
Question 59 |
What type of collision can occur at the area marked with N? (ID-SSF-38)
A | Ocean-Ocean Collision |
B | Passive Margin Collision |
C | Active Margin Collision |
D | Continent-Continent Collision |
E | Continent-Ocean Collision |
Question 60 |
A | active zone. |
B | passive zone. |
C | photic zone. |
D | coral reef zone. |
Question 61 |
A | Coarsening upward |
B | Fining upward |
C | Dominant sandy deposits at the base |
D | Dominant muddy deposits in distal regions |
Question 62 |
What type of collision occur at the area marked with F? (ID-SSF-39)
A | Interarc Basin |
B | Rifted Margin Prism |
C | Trench |
D | Magmatic Arc |
E | Subduction Complex |
Question 63 |
A | A. increases B. decreases |
B | A. increases B. increases |
C | A. decreases B. decreases |
D | A. decreases B. increases |
Question 64 |
A | Disconformity |
B | Nonconformity |
C | Paraconformity |
D | Angular unconformity |
E | Hiatus |
Question 65 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 2 |
B | 7 |
C | 4 |
D | 3 |
E | 1 |
Question 66 |
A | rise in sea level |
B | sudden increase in regional sed load. |
C | sudden decrease in regional sed load. |
D | lowstand |
E | highstand |
Question 67 |
If you were to indicate the boundary between the Indian-Asian crust, where would it be (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-40)
A | A |
B | B |
C | D |
D | F |
E | L |
Question 68 |
A | The first term is used in depositional descriptions and the second term is used in fluvial descriptions. |
B | They are the same; therefore the question is wrong. |
C | The first term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline. |
D | The first term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline. |
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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Melissa Giovanni during Fall 2012.
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