Economics 201 is the Principles of Microeconomics class. Depending on the Professor, the exams format may or may not be multiple choice.

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Economics (ECON 201-UCAL) Midterm Exam

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Question 1

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. What is the deadweight loss (DL) due to tax incidence? (ID-MI1-21)

A	$375
B	$710
C	$53.5
D	$35.5

Question 2

If the entire Production Possibility Frontier shifted to higher values, it is most likely caused by... (ID-MI1-26)

A	...decrease in demand for the two products.
B	...technological breakthrough in both goods.
C	...increased in spending.
D	...technological breakthrough in one of the two goods.
E	...decrease in demand for one product over the other.

Question 3

Challenging a current market system with a new idea which may be better for the future can be considered as a... (ID-MI1-34)

A	...positive statement.
B	...economic projection.
C	...negative statement.
D	...market projection.
E	...normative statement.

Question 4

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. What is the consumer surplus without the tax? (ID-MI1-18)

A	$3000
B	$700
C	$1500
D	$350

Question 4 Explanation: 

40 x (75-40) x 0.5 = 700

Question 5

There are several points posted on the following Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) graph. The situation(s) that is/are impossible to attain, indicated by which letter(s)? (ID-MI1-16)

A	C and D
B	A
C	B and C
D	B
E	A and B

Question 6

The Alberta beef market to shrunk as during the Mad Cow Disease crisis. This is an example of what Economic property? (ID-MI1-10)

A	Externality causing the market to shrink during a crisis.
B	Exogenous variables causing the market demand for beef to drop.
C	Market failure due to Alberta's monopoly on the beef industry.
D	An example of the "invisible hand" in action.
E	Endogenous variables causing the market demand for beef to drop.

Question 7

In Circular Flow Diagram of physical and monetary flow, what is the input and output of firms? (ID-MI1-04)

A	Input: income and resource services Output: commodities and consumption
B	Input: commodities and consumption Output: income and resource services
C	Input: commodities and costs Output: revenue and resource services
D	Input: commodities and consumption Output: revenue and resource services
E	Input: revenue and resource services Output: commodities and costs

Question 8

Positive statements as opposed to normative statements attempt to describe the world as it is. (ID-MI1-33)

A	True
B	False

Question 9

What would be the most likely result of rent control? (ID-MI1-46)

A	Lower rent with higher quality housing.
B	Lower rent with lower quality housing.
C	Higher rent with lower quality housing.
D	Higher rent with higher quality housing.

Question 10

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. If the demand line is steeper(let's say the intercepts are 75 and 40 instead of 75 and 85), then the demand is said to be more... (ID-MI1-32)

A	...distorted.
B	...elastic.
C	...inelastic.
D	...artificial.

Question 11

There are several points posted on the following Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) graph. The most efficient points are indicated by which letter(s)? (ID-MI1-14)

A	B
B	A and B
C	C
D	C and D
E	A

Question 12

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. What is the total revenue without tax incidence? (ID-MI1-25)

A	$710
B	$575
C	$800
D	$1600
E	$1150

Question 12 Explanation: 

40 X 40 = 1600

Question 13

The fall in total surplus as a result of market distortion is known as... (ID-MI1-31)

A	...efficiency loss.
B	...elasticity loss.
C	...deadweight loss.
D	...a tax revenue loss.

Question 14

Based on the following table, Canada has the absolute advantage in... (ID-MI1-38)

...	Hours needed for 1 unit		Amount procuded in 24 hours
	Cheese	Jam	Cheese	Jam
Canada	6	2	4	12
USA	3	4	8	6

A	....(cannot be answered due to lack of information).
B	...Cheese and USA has an absolute advantage in Jam.
C	...Jam and USA has an absolute advantage in Cheese.
D	...neither good and USA has an absolute advantage in Jam.
E	...neither good and USA has an absolute advantage in Cheese.

Question 15

The absolute advantage is measured primarily by what factor? (ID-MI1-22)

A	The capital needed to produce an item.
B	The all inputs needed to produce an item.
C	The number of items produced.
D	The added costs such as taxes and transportation fees.

Question 15 Explanation: 

Tricky question because you must know the exact definition of absolute advantage (AA); lowest inputs needed to produce one unit of an item.

Question 16

Given that the price elasticity of demand for a good is 4.5, what is the change in quantity demanded if the price is increased by 15%? (ID-MI1-24)

A	4.5% increase
B	67.5% increase
C	0.675% increase
D	6.75% increase

Question 17

A government welfare system will increase the equity. (ID-MI1-30)

A	True
B	False

Question 18

An effective ceiling price will result in... (ID-MI1-40)

A	...shortage of good decrease in demand.
B	...shortage of goods and increase in demand.
C	...will help the customers.
D	...abundance of good and decrease in demand.

Question 19

Based on the following table, what is the opportunity cost of moving from C to B? (ID-MI1-17)

Situation	Capital Goods	Consumer Goods
A	0	2000
B	150	1750
C	300	1500
D	550	1050
E	700	500
F	950	0

A	150 Capital Goods
B	300 Consumer Goods
C	1/2 Consumer Goods
D	300 Capital Goods

Question 20

Which of the following four graph (A, B, C, D) represents the market for Winter Coats in the middle of Canadian Summer? (ID-MI1-48)

A	Graph D
B	Graph C
C	Graph A
D	Graph B

Question 21

The concept of "invisible hand" best applies to what kind of economies? (ID-MI1-44)

A	Traditional economies.
B	Market economies.
C	Mixed economies.
D	Free economies.
E	Command economies.

Question 22

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. What is the total tax revenue? (ID-MI1-20)

A	$650
B	$750
C	$57.5
D	$35.5
E	$20

Question 22 Explanation: 

(57.5 - 20) X 20 = 750

Question 23

Based on the following table, what is the opportunity cost of moving from D to E? (ID-MI1-13)

Situation	Capital Goods	Consumer Goods
A	0	2000
B	150	1750
C	300	1500
D	550	1050
E	700	500
F	950	0

A	1050 consumer goods
B	550 capital goods
C	550 consumer goods
D	150 capital goods

Question 24

If the City of Calgary has a problem with overuse of public swimming pools, the best solution to protect infrastructure is to... (ID-MI1-47)

A	...increase the usage fees.
B	...increase the maintenance budget.
C	...reduce the quality of pools and facilities.
D	...decrease the management costs.

Question 25

What will eventually happen to an economy when resources are not allocated properly? (ID-MI1-07)

A	It will result in a market failure.
B	It will result in slow rate of inflation growth.
C	It will result in larger income gaps between the rich and poor.
D	It will experience a rapid growth.
E	It will experience scarcity.

Question 26

Canada was one of the few (if not only) countries to weather the financial crisis of 2007–08. What is the primary reason for Canada's success? (ID-MI1-09)

A	Proper Government regulations on the free market economy.
B	International trade agreements between Canada and other first world nations, such as NAFTA.
C	Mark Joseph Carney, the Governor of the Bank of Canada.
D	Controls put in placed by the free market "invisible hand".

Question 27

What should be the unemployment rate of a sustainable and healthy Economy? (ID-MI1-11)

A	30 - 35%
B	15 - 20%
C	4 - 6%
D	0%
E	40 - 45%

Question 27 Explanation: 

Ideally, 0% is the best option. Piratically no Economy (country) can maintain an unemployment rate of 0%.

Question 28

The self-interest of the participants in an economy is guided into promoting economic self-interest by (ID-MI1-49)

A	market power.
B	government intervention.
C	private sector regulations.
D	the invisible hand.
E	individual property rights.

Question 29

Price control will most likely result in... (ID-MI1-43)

A	...hurting the consumers that needed the most help.
B	...creating a fair and balanced economies.
C	...helping the producers by generating more revenuer.
D	...creating more competition hence reducing monopolies.

Question 30

Based on the following table, what is the opportunity cost of producing a unit of Jam for USA? (ID-MI1-37)

...	Hours needed for 1 unit		Amount procuded in 24 hours
	Cheese	Jam	Cheese	Jam
Canada	6	2	4	12
USA	3	4	8	6

A	1/3 Cheese
B	4/3 Cheese
C	1/3 Cheese
D	4 Cheese
E	3/4 Cheese

Question 31

Which of the following scenario will increase both the equilibrium price and quantity of an inferior good? (ID-MI1-45)

A	Decrease in consumer demand.
B	Decrease in the number of substitution products.
C	Increase in the number of substitution products.
D	Increase in consumer income.
E	Decrease in consumer income.

Question 32

What major limitation is not considered in Circular Flow Diagram of physical and monetary flow? (ID-MI1-05)

A	market fluctuations
B	human resources
C	capital costs
D	non-renewable resources

Question 33

What is Production Possibility Frontier or PPF? (ID-MI1-12)

A	It is a mathematical model used for determining the inflation rate and its relationship to the unemployment rate.
B	It is a graphical representation of the relationship between the output of products and the limited resources available to produce the products.
C	It is a mathematical model used for calculating the per unit opportunity cost for a given item.
D	It is a mathematical model used for determining the inflation rate and its relationship to the economic growth.
E	It is a graphical representation of the maximum output obtain from a given unlimited resource base.

Question 34

Refer to the following diagram. The tax imposed is indicated by the neon-green vertical line. What is the producer surplus without the tax? (ID-MI1-19)

A	$350
B	$1500
C	$800
D	$700

Question 34 Explanation: 

40 x (40-0) x 0.5 = 800

Question 35

Which of the following best describes Microeconomics? (ID-MI1-01)

A	The study of behavior of individual agents and markets.
B	The study of small industries and companies.
C	The study of household centered economic systems.
D	The study of overall production and consumption.

Question 36

There are several points posted on the following Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) graph. The most inefficient points are indicated by which letter(s)? (ID-MI1-15)

A	B
B	A
C	C and D
D	D
E	A and B

Question 37

The price elasticity of supply is concerned with... (ID-MI1-39)

A	...change in supply due to change in market competition.
B	...change in supply due to producer's ability to fulfill the market demand.
C	...change in supply due to change in market prices.
D	...change in price due to change in quantity demanded.
E	...change in price due to change in market demand.

Question 38

Which of the following product will have the most inelastic demand? (ID-MI1-27)

A	University education
B	Oranges and bananas
C	Penicillin antibiotics
D	Automobiles

Question 38 Explanation: 

Drugs such as Penicillin based antibiotics often have inelastic demand because they are essential ingredients in treating certain medical conditions.

Question 39

Based on the following table, Canada has a comparative advantage in... (ID-MI1-42)

...	Hours needed for 1 unit		Amount procuded in 24 hours
	Cheese	Jam	Cheese	Jam
Canada	6	2	4	12
USA	3	4	8	6

A	...neither and USA has a comparative advantage in Cheese.
B	...Jam and USA has a comparative advantage in Cheese.
C	...neither and USA has a comparative advantage in Jam.
D	...Cheese and USA has a comparative advantage in Jam.

Question 40

In order to obtain a degree at the University of Calgary, you decided to give up your full time job. What is the best statement that describe your situation from Economics point of view? (ID-MI1-08)

A	The lost time and money from a full time job is the capital cost of obtaining an education.
B	The time spent on studying and attending classes is the opportunity cost of obtaining an education.
C	The cost of obtaining an education is always beneficial compared to having a low paying full time job. Hint: This may be true in most cases. But this is not applicable in all situations. For example; Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg, etc.
D	The lost time and money from a full time job is the opportunity cost of obtaining an education.
E	The time spent on studying and attending classes is the capital cost of obtaining an education.

Question 41

Based on the following table, what is the opportunity cost of producing a unit of Jam for Canada? (ID-MI1-36)

...	Hours needed for 1 unit		Amount procuded in 24 hours
	Cheese	Jam	Cheese	Jam
Canada	6	2	4	12
USA	3	4	8	6

A	1/3 Cheese
B	4/3 Cheese
C	6 Cheese
D	1 Cheese
E	3 Cheese

Question 42

Higher price for hotdogs will most likely... (ID-MI1-28)

A	...increase the demand for ketchup.
B	...decrease the demand for hotdog buns.
C	....increase the equilibrium quantity.
D	...increase the demand for bananas.

Question 42 Explanation: 

According to the principles of "related items".

Question 43

If the number of hours you studied for Economics 201 increases your confusion of concepts, you can say that studying have a... (ID-MI1-41)

A	...positive correlation.
B	...neutral correlation.
C	...random correlation.
D	...negative correlation.
E	...no correlation.

Question 44

What is market failure? (ID-MI1-50)

A	It is a situation in which a product or a service failed to generate enough demand to be successful.
B	It is a situation in which wrong products and services in the wrong market results in low demand and eventual failure.
C	It is a situation in which market on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently.
D	It is a situation in which a firm exits a market due to financial failure.

Question 45

The supply of Oranges exceeds the demand while the supply of Apples are hindered due to weather. Which of the following statement is true about this particular market? (ID-MI1-06)

A	The price of Orange and Apples will decrease.
B	The price of Orange will decrease as the Apples market is experiencing a s scarcity.
C	The price of Orange will increase as the Apples market is experiencing a scarcity.
D	The price of Orange and Apples will increase.
E	The inflation rate will increase due to the shortage of Apples.

Question 46

When the production of goods are inadequate to fulfill the needs of a society, the economy is... (ID-MI1-02)

A	experiencing scarcity.
B	a failure.
C	most likely a Capitalist one.
D	expanding.
E	most likely a Socialist one.

Question 47

Increase in price of bread from $2.50 to $3.20 will increase the supply from 800 to 1250 units. Using midpoint (arc) method, what is the elasticity of supply? (ID-MI1-23)

A	1.79
B	2.31
C	1.55
D	2.00
E	0.55

Question 47 Explanation: 

midpoint (arc) = [(change in Q)/(change in P)] X [(sum of P)/sum of Q)]

Question 48

What is the best definition for producer surplus? (ID-MI1-29)

A	The difference between what the buyer's willingness to pay minus the amount the buyer actually pays.
B	The value of everything that a producer earns as a result of selling an item.
C	The amount a buyer would gain before the tax being paid.
D	The amount a seller is paid by the buyer for a given item minus the seller's cost.

Question 49

In Economics, the term capital is used to describe... (ID-MI1-03)

A	the amount of money invested.
B	the main City in a country which produces the most goods.
C	the amount of created resources.
D	the amount of money grained from profits.

Question 50

How do you calculate the consumer surplus on a Supply-Demand graph? (ID-MI1-35)

A	It is the area above the Demand curve and under the market price.
B	It is the area above the Supply curve and under the market price.
C	It is the area under the Supply curve and above the market price.
D	It is the area under the Demand curve and above the market price.

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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Ronald Schlenker during Summer 2014.
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