Basic concepts: molecular biology, DNA, RNAs, chemical bonds, importance of water, chemical reactions, organic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, proteins, amino acids, fats, steroids, emulsifiers, etc.
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Biology 205 (BIOL 205-UCAL) Midterm III
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Question 1 |
A | Decrease production in glycoprotein. |
B | Increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. |
C | Increase production in glycoprotein. |
D | Increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
Question 2 |
A | 22 , sodium |
B | 25 , nitrogen |
C | 22 , iron |
D | 15, iron |
E | 15 , nitrogen |
F | 15 , sodium |
Question 3 |
A | Nucleus, ribosomes and hemoglobin. |
B | Plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
C | Ribosomes, organelles and hemoglobin. |
D | Nucleus, plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
E | Ribosomes, plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
Question 4 |
A | The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA. |
B | The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
C | The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA. |
D | The base A pairs with base T while base C pairs with base G to form a double helix DNA. |
E | The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
F | The base A pairs with base T while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
Question 5 |
A | Starch |
B | Cellulose |
C | Carboxylic acids |
D | Glycogen |
Question 6 |
A | 5 |
B | 6 |
C | 4 |
D | 3 |
E | 2 |
Question 7 |
A | They speed up chemical reactions by participating in the reaction. |
B | They slow down chemical reaction by participating in the reaction. |
C | They slow down chemical reaction by acting as a buffer. |
D | They speed up chemical reactions without participating in the reaction. |
Question 8 |
A | α−1-->1 |
B | β−1-->4 |
C | β−1-->1 |
D | α−1-->4 |
Question 9 |
A | The high atomic mass. |
B | The hydrogen bonds. |
C | Low radioactivity and polarity. |
D | The very high electronegative nature of the molecule. |
Question 10 |
A | They process materials and produce usable energy for eukaryotic cells. |
B | In humans, they acts as the digestive compartments within cells. |
C | They are the transport vesicles that deliver glycoprotein from ER membrane to Golgi apparatus. |
D | In plants, they store toxins to protect them from predators. |
Question 11 |
A | Ankrin protein |
B | Spectrin protein |
C | Glycophorin protein |
D | Band 3 protein |
E | Aquaporins protein |
Question 12 |
A | Chemical precipitation reactions |
B | Vital hormone producing reactions |
C | Acid-base reactions |
D | Hydrogen bonding |
Question 13 |
A | Fructose is cheaper than glucose. |
B | Fructose is a polymer while glucose is a monomer. |
C | Fructose is sweeter than glucose. |
D | There is more fructose naturally in corn syrup. |
Question 14 |
A | Protein pumps |
B | ATP injection |
C | Heating |
D | Hydrolysis |
Question 15 |
A | Three subatomic particles. |
B | Hundreds of subatomic particles. |
C | Two subatomic particles. |
D | Five subatomic particles. |
Question 16 |
A | Centriole |
B | Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
C | Vesicles |
D | Nucleolus |
E | Golgi apparatus |
Question 17 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 18 |
I. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
II. Chemical reactions always result in loss of electron(s).
III. Water is slightly polar.
IV. Ionic bonds are bound together with oppositely charged ions.
A | I , II and III |
B | All of the above statements are correct. |
C | I and II |
D | II and IV |
E | I and III |
F | I , III and IV |
Question 19 |
A | Protons and Electrons |
B | Electrons |
C | Protons and Neutrons |
D | Neutrons |
E | Protons |
Question 20 |
Suggestion: Take your time to answer this question. It can be confusing with 6 types!
A | IV , VI , III , II , V and I |
B | IV , VI , II , III , V and I |
C | I , III , IV , V , II and VI |
D | IV , I , VI , V , II and III |
E | VI , IV , III , II , V and I |
F | VI , IV , II , V , III and I |
Question 21 |
A | The temperature of the mixture should have increased as the mixing progresses. |
B | The milk acted as the solute which breaks down the chemical compounds in the cocoa powder. |
C | The mixing of the two most likely have broken down the molecular bounds of water and that resulted in reaction with cocoa powder. |
D | Milk is the solvent while cocoa powder is the solute. |
Question 22 |
A | I. chromosomes II. chromatin |
B | I. ribosomes II. lysosomes |
C | I. chromosomes II. ribosomes |
D | I. lysosomes II. nucleoli |
E | I. ribosomes II. nucleoli |
Question 23 |
A | Movement of organic material is magnified in advanced microscopes hence harder to study. |
B | There is a world wide shortage of advanced microscopes. |
C | Light microscopes are cheaper for a biologist to obtain. |
D | The techniques used to study microscopic particles in cell biology has not changed since 1665. |
Question 24 |
A | Proteins |
B | Carbohydrates |
C | Lipids |
D | Nucleic Acids |
Question 25 |
A | Carboxyl group |
B | Amino group |
C | Carbonyl group |
D | Hydroxyl group |
E | Phosphate group |
Question 26 |
Image mod from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group
A | III only |
B | IV only |
C | II and IV |
D | I, II and IV |
E | II only |
F | I only |
Question 27 |
A | Tight junctions |
B | Anchoring junctions |
C | Gap junctions |
D | Fiber junctions |
Question 28 |
A | DNA and RNA replication. |
B | Provide structural support. |
C | Enzyme and proteins synthesis. |
D | Locomotion. |
E | Protection from the outside environment. |
Question 29 |
A | The difference in pH levels inside and outside the cell facilitates movement of ionic and polar molecules. |
B | Receptor proteins codes the ionic and polar molecules so that it will be accepted by the phospholipids. |
C | Simple diffusion process. |
D | Transport proteins form channels which allow ions and polar molecules to move across. |
Question 30 |
A | ...good for human health/digestive system. |
B | ...unsaturated fats. |
C | ...contain more nutrition than plant based fats. |
D | ...solid at room temperature. |
Question 31 |
A | Molecules easily react with organic matter therefore they often involved in chemical reactions. Compounds are stable entities and are often inert. |
B | Molecules composed of two or more different elements while compounds composed of two or more atoms. |
C | Molecules are always ionic while compounds could be either ionic or covalent. |
D | Compounds composed of two or more different elements while molecules composed of two or more atoms. |
E | All organic matter is compounds while molecules are inorganic. |
Question 32 |
A | Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. |
B | Process in which chemical difference between inside and outside the cell is maintained. |
C | A digestive process used by herbivorous to break down the plant cells. |
D | Production of proteins by the bone marrow to keep stable white blood cell count. |
Question 33 |
A | 1/25th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
B | 1/100th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
C | 1/50th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
D | 1/10th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
E | 1/30th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
Question 34 |
A | RNA has Cytosine (Cyt) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade). |
B | RNA has Uracil (Ura) nitrogenous base instead of Thymine (Thy). |
C | RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
D | RNA has Adenine (Ade) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
E | RNA has Guanine (Gua) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
F | RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade). |
Question 35 |
A | ...Ribosomes, Lysosome and Centriole. |
B | ...Lysosome and Centriole. |
C | ...Microtubule, Intermediate filament and Microfilament. |
D | ...Centriole, Golgi apparatus and Ribosomes. |
E | ...Plasma membrane, Ribosomes and Lysosome. |
Question 36 |
A | They have kinks caused by double bonding of carbon atoms. |
B | They are often found in olive oil and vegetable oils. |
C | Compared to unsaturated fatty acids, they have a very high melting point. |
D | They have the maximum number of hydrogens (alkanes) in the fats and lipid group. |
Question 37 |
A | To be able to stack together to form tissues. |
B | To be able to communicate to the outside world. |
C | To allow nutrients and gasses to pass across the cell surface. |
D | To be able to process food and data. |
Question 38 |
A | Gap junctions |
B | Membrane junctions |
C | Tight junctions |
D | Anchoring junctions |
E | Messenger junctions |
Question 39 |
A | Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) |
B | Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) |
C | Light Microscope (LM) |
D | Electron Microscope (EM) |
Question 40 |
6 C? (ID-B03-04)
A | 6 |
B | 8 |
C | 14 |
D | 7 |
Question 41 |
A | Secondary structure |
B | Quaternary structure |
C | Primary structure: |
D | Tertiary structure |
Question 42 |
A | 35 |
B | 100 |
C | 20 |
D | 50 |
E | Millions |
Question 43 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 44 |
A | ...always outside cell walls. |
B | ...by heating the reactants. |
C | ...in aqueous environment of cells. |
D | ...only by breaking covalent bonds because living cells cannot break down ionic bonds. |
Question 45 |
A | The physical properties such as very low angles between the two H-atoms and the O-atom. |
B | Very high reaction rate. |
C | Very high electron transfer rate and high electrical conduction rate. |
D | The chemical properties such as high cohesion and polarity. |
Question 46 |
A | Nucleus |
B | Cell walls |
C | Organelles |
D | DNA as genetic materials |
Question 47 |
A | I. covalent bonds II. nucleic bonds |
B | I. ionic bonds II. nucleic bonds |
C | I. ionic bonds II. peptide bonds |
D | I. covalent bonds II. peptide bonds |
Question 48 |
A | 3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base |
B | 3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine |
C | 5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine Hint: While it is true a adenine can be one, it is not a general part! |
D | 5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base |
Question 49 |
A | Benzene |
B | Ethane |
C | Methane |
D | Butane |
Question 50 |
A | Flagella |
B | Peptidoglycan |
C | Glucose |
D | Chitin |
Question 51 |
A | A substance that prevent genetic mutations. |
B | A substance that resists genetic mutations. |
C | A substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons. |
D | A substance that increase the pH level of a high pH solution while decrease the pH level of a low pH solution. |
E | A substance that prevent changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons. |
Question 52 |
A | Protect the nucleus from genetic mutations, even though this always does not work. |
B | Carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to make proteins in cells. |
C | Provide energy for the DNA structure by converting energy from cells into ATP and transferring it to the nucleus. |
D | Develop new genetic codes for evolutionary adaptations. |
Question 53 |
A | They usually characterized by three double bonded C-O structures. |
B | Their molecular formulas are usually multiples of CH2O2. |
C | Most common two; glucose forms 5 membered structures while fructose forms 6 membered structure. |
D | They often form ring structures. |
Question 54 |
A | Produce molecules and compounds with polarity. Hint: Not always, but sometimes. |
B | Neutrons and protons from different atoms react with each other. |
C | Valance shell electrons react with other atoms to form bonds. |
D | Number of electrons within the structure increases. Hint: Not always, but sometimes. |
Question 55 |
A | A very high LDL to HDL ratio. |
B | More cholesterol within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood. |
C | A very low LDL to HDL ratio. |
D | More triglycerides within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood. |
Question 56 |
A | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.1% of the human body weight. |
B | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.01% of the human body weight. |
C | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.4% of the human body weight. |
D | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.2% of the human body weight. |
E | The elemental abundance must be less than 1.0% of the human body weight. |
Question 57 |
A | Attaching to host surfaces. |
B | Facilitate active transport and diffusion. |
C | Isolation from the outside; like a cell wall. |
D | Locomotion. |
Question 58 |
A | 8 electrons. |
B | 13 electrons. |
C | 5 electrons. |
D | 10 electrons. |
E | 5 electrons. |
Question 59 |
A | Red blood cells |
B | Serum |
C | Platelets |
D | White blood cells |
Question 60 |
A | Pineal gland |
B | Salivary gland |
C | Pituitary gland |
D | Thyroid gland |
E | Prostate gland |
Question 61 |
A | ...diabetes. |
B | ...thyroid problems. |
C | ...obesity. |
D | ...high cholesterol. |
Question 62 |
A | Signaling molecules for sex hormones. |
B | Forms cell membranes. |
C | Synthesis of Amino acids, DNA and RNA. |
D | Energy storage and release. |
Question 63 |
A | Genetic theory |
B | Laws of inheritance |
C | Theory of evolution |
D | Cell theory |
E | Molecular theory |
Question 64 |
A | Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen |
B | Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
C | Nitrogen and Oxygen |
D | Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
E | Carbon and Hydrogen |
F | Hydrogen and Oxygen |
Question 65 |
A | Natural carbon is only produced by plant cells. |
B | Majority of organic cells lacks nucleus. |
C | Both animal and plant cells contains materials that move around (mobile). |
D | Only the animal cells that have materials that move around (mobile). |
E | Biological cells have the ability to differentiate Carbon-12 from Carbon-14. |
Question 66 |
A | protein |
B | disaccharide |
C | lipid |
D | monsaccharide |
E | polysaccharide |
Question 67 |
A | ...higher the radioactivity of the atom. |
B | ...higher the pull of electrons towards its nucleus. |
C | ...more stable the atom. |
D | ...lower the pull of electrons towards its nucleus. |
E | ...lower the radioactivity of the atom. |
Question 68 |
A | They are the largest biological molecules. |
B | They can form many different shapes with random orientations. |
C | They are nonploar and therefore hydrophilic. |
D | They do not form polymers. |
Question 69 |
A | 50% |
B | 100% |
C | 99% |
D | 75% |
E | 65% |
Question 70 |
A | Because CO2 is an acid. |
B | Because CO2 acts as a low pH buffer. |
C | Because CO2 reacts with calcium to produce bicarbonate. |
D | Because CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid. |
Question 71 |
A | Glycogen |
B | Cellulose |
C | Lipids |
D | Starch |
E | Chitin |
Question 72 |
A | Energy processing. |
B | Provide structural support for the cell wall. |
C | Manufacture and distribution of molecules. |
D | Genetic control of the cell. |
E | Provide structural support for the nucleus. |
Question 73 |
Image mod from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0301_Phospholipid_Structure.jpg
A | III and I |
B | I and IV |
C | I and III |
D | IV and I |
E | III and IV |
Question 74 |
A | Carboxyl group |
B | Phosphate group |
C | Methyl group |
D | Hydroxyl group |
E | Carbonyl group |
F | Amino group |
Question 75 |
A | Endosymbiont theory |
B | Genetic theory |
C | Cell theory |
D | Theory of inheritance |
Question 76 |
A | Coding of the proteins is done by mRNAs. |
B | Only the mRNA structure is linear. |
C | The tRNA carries amino acids with high energy bound for making proteins. |
D | Only the tRNA structure is linear. |
Question 77 |
A | Heat is produced through instantaneous reactions such as boiling water. Temperature is the quantitative measurement of heat. |
B | Heat is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while temperature is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms). |
C | Temperature is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while heat is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms). |
D | Temperature is a long term quantitative measurement of energy while heat is a short term measurement of energy. |
Question 78 |
A | I. transcription II. replication |
B | I. replication II. transcription |
C | I. translation II. replication |
D | I. replication II. translation |
E | I. transcription II. translation |
F | I. translation II. transcription |
Question 79 |
A | 1.0 to 10 micrometres |
B | 0.1 to 1.0 micrometres |
C | 100 to 1000 micrometres |
D | 10 to 100 micrometres |
Question 80 |
A | 10 times more H+ |
B | 2 times more H+ |
C | 100 times more H+ |
D | 10 times less H+ |
E | 100 times less H+ |
[H+] = 10-pH
Question 81 |
A | Some proteins only have α helix structures while others can have only β pleated sheet structures. |
B | The α helix and the β pleated sheet structures are tertiary structure. |
C | Protein structures have four levels of structures. |
D | Hydrogen bonds are primary structures of proteins. |
Question 82 |
A | Fructose |
B | Maltose |
C | Cellulose |
D | Glucose |
Question 83 |
A | Tertiary structure |
B | Quaternary structure |
C | Secondary structure |
D | Primary structure |
Question 84 |
A | They are composed of action and involved in cell movement and maintaining cell structure. |
B | They are composed of globular proteins that are assembled and disassembled in different regions of the cell to form hollow pathways. |
C | They made the various fiberous proteins of α-helical
coiled-coils that transport materials from one area to another. |
D | They are only found in plant cells because animal cells with movement cannot maintain the structure. |
Question 85 |
A | Nitrogen-12 |
B | Helium-4 |
C | Carbon-13 |
D | Carbon-12 |
E | Carbon-14 |
Question 86 |
Note: Moose dung is a traditional Canadian delicacy. Yum yum 🙂
A | Freeze the dung before cooking. |
B | Add salts, ionic compounds, to the moose dung. |
C | Decrease the humidity of the cook pot. |
D | Increase the humidity of the cook pot. |
Question 87 |
A | ...water solubility level. |
B | ...their orientation of the hydrogen atoms. |
C | ...the type of translation. |
D | ...their chemical structures. |
Question 88 |
A | Radon gas |
B | Sulfur mustard gas |
C | Natural gas |
D | Thorium gas |
Question 89 |
A | 4 |
B | 5 |
C | 2 |
D | 3 |
Question 90 |
A | 4 |
B | 6 |
C | 2 |
D | 3 |
E | 5 |
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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Lohmeier-Vogel during Fall 2014.
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