Basic concepts: molecular biology, DNA, RNAs, chemical bonds, importance of water, chemical reactions, organic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, proteins, amino acids, fats, steroids, emulsifiers, etc.

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Biology 205 (BIOL 205-UCAL) Midterm III

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Question 1

Which of the following occur during a chemical reaction? (ID-B03-11)

A	Number of electrons within the structure increases. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.
B	Produce molecules and compounds with polarity. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.
C	Valance shell electrons react with other atoms to form bonds.
D	Neutrons and protons from different atoms react with each other.

Question 2

What is the difference between temperature and heat? (ID-B03-15)

A	Temperature is a long term quantitative measurement of energy while heat is a short term measurement of energy.
B	Temperature is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while heat is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).
C	Heat is produced through instantaneous reactions such as boiling water. Temperature is the quantitative measurement of heat.
D	Heat is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while temperature is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).

Question 3

What is the primary function of RNAs? (ID-B03-45)

A	Carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to make proteins in cells.
B	Develop new genetic codes for evolutionary adaptations.
C	Protect the nucleus from genetic mutations, even though this always does not work.
D	Provide energy for the DNA structure by converting energy from cells into ATP and transferring it to the nucleus.

Question 4

Why dissolution of CO₂ in ocean water result in ocean acidification? (ID-B03-77)

A	Because CO2 acts as a low pH buffer.
B	Because CO2 reacts with calcium to produce bicarbonate.
C	Because CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid.
D	Because CO2 is an acid.

Question 5

The H-bonding networks in proteins is at what level of structure? (ID-B03-34)

A	Primary structure:
B	Secondary structure
C	Tertiary structure
D	Quaternary structure

Question 6

The chitin is a ____ and it is used by insects and crustaceans to build their exoskeleton. (ID-B03-35)

A	protein
B	monsaccharide
C	disaccharide
D	polysaccharide
E	lipid

Question 7

What is the major function of phospholipids? (ID-B03-46)

A	Synthesis of Amino acids, DNA and RNA.
B	Energy storage and release.
C	Signaling molecules for sex hormones.
D	Forms cell membranes.

Question 8

The surface tension of water is vital to organisms. Why does water has high surface tension? (ID-B03-50)

A	The very high electronegative nature of the molecule.
B	The high atomic mass.
C	Low radioactivity and polarity.
D	The hydrogen bonds.

Question 9

How many different nitrogenous bases that made up of DNA structures? (ID-B03-39)

A	5
B	2
C	3
D	4
E	6

Question 10

Which of the following statement is true about biological cells? (ID-B03-51)

A	Majority of organic cells lacks nucleus.
B	Only the animal cells that have materials that move around (mobile).
C	Biological cells have the ability to differentiate Carbon-12 from Carbon-14.
D	Both animal and plant cells contains materials that move around (mobile).
E	Natural carbon is only produced by plant cells.

Question 11

All living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells. What is this statement describing? (ID-B03-84)

A	Laws of inheritance
B	Cell theory
C	Molecular theory
D	Genetic theory
E	Theory of evolution

Question 12

How many different amino acids are found in proteins? (ID-B03-36)

A	100
B	50
C	Millions
D	20
E	35

Question 13

If you want to increase the internal temperature of Canadian moose dung while cooking, what should you do? (ID-B03-16)

Note: Moose dung is a traditional Canadian delicacy. Yum yum 🙂

A	Add salts, ionic compounds, to the moose dung.
B	Freeze the dung before cooking.
C	Decrease the humidity of the cook pot.
D	Increase the humidity of the cook pot.

Question 14

How many different RNAs are discovered by biologists? (ID-B03-41)

A	4
B	5
C	3
D	2

Question 14 Explanation: 

They are mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.

Question 15

A solution at pH 6 contains ___ than the same amount of solution at pH 4. (ID-B03-20)

A	100 times less H+
B	10 times more H+
C	100 times more H+
D	10 times less H+
E	2 times more H+

Question 15 Explanation: 

pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]
[H⁺] = 10^-pH

Question 16

Cytoskeleton is composed of... (ID-B03-62)

A	...Ribosomes, Lysosome and Centriole.
B	...Centriole, Golgi apparatus and Ribosomes.
C	...Lysosome and Centriole.
D	...Plasma membrane, Ribosomes and Lysosome.
E	...Microtubule, Intermediate filament and Microfilament.

Question 17

Which of the following hydrocarbon that has a cyclic (ring) structure? (ID-B03-78)

A	Methane
B	Benzene
C	Ethane
D	Butane

Question 18

What is the length range (size range) for most animal and plant cells? (ID-B03-53)

A	100 to 1000 micrometres
B	0.1 to 1.0 micrometres
C	10 to 100 micrometres
D	1.0 to 10 micrometres

Question 19

Which of the following class of biological molecules is responsible for the structure of water insoluble membranes? (ID-B03-23)

A	Nucleic Acids
B	Carbohydrates
C	Proteins
D	Lipids

Question 20

Which of the following statement is correct about microfilaments in the cytoskeleton? (ID-B03-68)

A	They made the various fiberous proteins of α-helical coiled-coils that transport materials from one area to another.
B	They are only found in plant cells because animal cells with movement cannot maintain the structure.
C	They are composed of action and involved in cell movement and maintaining cell structure.
D	They are composed of globular proteins that are assembled and disassembled in different regions of the cell to form hollow pathways.

Question 21

Which of the organic compounds illustrated below has a double bond? (ID-B03-21)

Image mod from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group

A	I only
B	IV only
C	I, II and IV
D	II and IV
E	III only
F	II only

Question 22

The fimbriae of a typical prokaryotic cell has what purpose? (ID-B03-60)

A	Locomotion.
B	Facilitate active transport and diffusion.
C	Isolation from the outside; like a cell wall.
D	Attaching to host surfaces.

Question 22 Explanation: 

It is composed of β-sheet type proteins with a sticky end.

Question 23

Which of the following statement is incorrect about RNA? (ID-B03-42)

A	Coding of the proteins is done by mRNAs.
B	Only the mRNA structure is linear.
C	The tRNA carries amino acids with high energy bound for making proteins.
D	Only the tRNA structure is linear.

Question 24

What is good for human health? (ID-B03-47)

A	More triglycerides within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.
B	A very low LDL to HDL ratio.
C	A very high LDL to HDL ratio.
D	More cholesterol within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.

Question 24 Explanation: 

Medical professionals do not measure the LDL or HDL levels when testing for cholesterol. They test the ratio of LDL/HDL. HDL is good for health and therefore lower the ratio, even if it very high, better it is for the body.

Question 25

Communication between cells is maintained through allowing molecules to flow by what type of cell junctions? (ID-B03-67)

A	Gap junctions
B	Membrane junctions
C	Tight junctions
D	Anchoring junctions
E	Messenger junctions

Question 26

What is the atomic mass number of 14
6 C? (ID-B03-04)

A	8
B	7
C	14
D	6

Question 27

DNA is made in a process called __I__ while RNA is made in a process called __II__. (ID-B03-24)

A	I. translation II. transcription
B	I. translation II. replication
C	I. transcription II. replication
D	I. replication II. transcription
E	I. transcription II. translation
F	I. replication II. translation

Question 28

Arrange the following chemical groups diagrams from Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Phosphate and Methyl in that order. (ID-B03-75)

Suggestion: Take your time to answer this question. It can be confusing with 6 types!

A	IV , VI , III , II , V and I
B	VI , IV , III , II , V and I
C	VI , IV , II , V , III and I
D	I , III , IV , V , II and VI
E	IV , I , VI , V , II and III
F	IV , VI , II , III , V and I

Question 29

A Carbon-14 atom (atomic number 6) that has lost an electron. What is the number of electrons remains? (ID-B03-72)

A	10 electrons.
B	5 electrons.
C	13 electrons.
D	5 electrons.
E	8 electrons.

Question 29 Explanation: 

Atomic number represents protons (+). A neutral atom will have equal number of protons (+) and electrons (-). If an electron is lost, then it must have one less electron than the atomic number.

Question 30

What type of blood cells are formed in a process called erythropoiesis? (ID-B03-69)

A	Platelets
B	Red blood cells
C	White blood cells
D	Serum

Question 31

Iodine (I) is an essential trace element used to produce hormones by which gland? (ID-B03-06)

A	Salivary gland
B	Prostate gland
C	Pineal gland
D	Pituitary gland
E	Thyroid gland

Question 32

Isotopes of same element have different amounts of what subatomic particle(s)? (ID-B03-73)

A	Protons and Neutrons
B	Protons and Electrons
C	Protons
D	Neutrons
E	Electrons

Question 32 Explanation: 

Example; the Carbon-12 have 6 neutrons while Carbon-14 has 8. But both have exactly same amount of protons and if they are not at a charged state, same amount of electrons as well.

Question 33

Cells are the simplest collection of matter that can live. We use microscopes to study them. Which microscope would you use if you were to study intracellular structures? (ID-B03-52)

A	Electron Microscope (EM)
B	Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
C	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
D	Light Microscope (LM)

Question 34

Which of the following would you expect to observe on a person who is suffering from long term drug abuse? (ID-B03-66)

A	Increase production in glycoprotein.
B	Increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C	Decrease production in glycoprotein.
D	Increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 35

Why is the area/volume ratio has to be very small for biological cells to survive? (ID-B03-55)

A	To be able to process food and data.
B	To be able to communicate to the outside world.
C	To be able to stack together to form tissues.
D	To allow nutrients and gasses to pass across the cell surface.

Question 35 Explanation: 

Bit of tricky question because you may argue for few other answers listed above. However, there is a specific reason and that's what this question is asking for.

Question 36

Organic chemical reactions takes place... (ID-B03-76)

A	...in aqueous environment of cells.
B	...only by breaking covalent bonds because living cells cannot break down ionic bonds.
C	...always outside cell walls.
D	...by heating the reactants.

Question 37

What criterion is used to classify an element as "trace element" in humans by Biologists? (ID-B03-71)

A	The elemental abundance must be less than 1.0% of the human body weight.
B	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.01% of the human body weight.
C	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.1% of the human body weight.
D	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.2% of the human body weight.
E	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.4% of the human body weight.

Question 38

Fats come from animals are generally... (ID-B03-44)

A	...good for human health/digestive system.
B	...solid at room temperature.
C	...unsaturated fats.
D	...contain more nutrition than plant based fats.

Question 39

What is the abundance of most stable isotope of carbon, the Carbon-12, in nature? (ID-B03-08)

A	99%
B	75%
C	50%
D	65%
E	100%

Question 40

Association of multiple polypeptides are often found in what level of protein structure? (ID-B03-37)

A	Quaternary structure
B	Tertiary structure
C	Primary structure
D	Secondary structure

Question 41

Proteins are bonded by __I__ and these linking bounds are known as __II__. (ID-B03-33)

A	I. ionic bonds II. nucleic bonds
B	I. covalent bonds II. peptide bonds
C	I. ionic bonds II. peptide bonds
D	I. covalent bonds II. nucleic bonds

Question 42

What is the function of flagella on prokaryotic cells? (ID-B03-59)

A	Protection from the outside environment.
B	Provide structural support.
C	Locomotion.
D	DNA and RNA replication.
E	Enzyme and proteins synthesis.

Question 43

Plants store polysaccharides as what compound? (ID-B03-30)

A	Cellulose
B	Starch
C	Glycogen
D	Carboxylic acids

Question 44

Choose the correct statement(s) from the following list. (ID-B03-13)

I. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
II. Chemical reactions always result in loss of electron(s).
III. Water is slightly polar.
IV. Ionic bonds are bound together with oppositely charged ions.

A	I , II and III
B	I , III and IV
C	II and IV
D	All of the above statements are correct.
E	I and II
F	I and III

Question 45

Only the ionic compounds will effectively dissolve in water. (ID-B03-18)

A	True
B	False

Question 45 Explanation: 

Water can dissolve ionic compounds and polar molecules.

Question 46

What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? (ID-B03-02)

A	Molecules composed of two or more different elements while compounds composed of two or more atoms.
B	All organic matter is compounds while molecules are inorganic.
C	Molecules easily react with organic matter therefore they often involved in chemical reactions. Compounds are stable entities and are often inert.
D	Molecules are always ionic while compounds could be either ionic or covalent.
E	Compounds composed of two or more different elements while molecules composed of two or more atoms.

Question 47

Cell walls of bacteria is made up of what material? (ID-B03-63)

A	Peptidoglycan
B	Glucose
C	Chitin
D	Flagella

Question 48

Atoms are split/sub-divided into how many subatomic particles? (ID-B03-07)

A	Three subatomic particles.
B	Two subatomic particles.
C	Hundreds of subatomic particles.
D	Five subatomic particles.

Question 48 Explanation: 

Although we have identified more than hundreds of subatomic particles, there are three important ones; Protons, Neutrons and Electrons. Read more at Wikipedia

Question 49

Which of the following statement is correct about DNA double helix? (ID-B03-40)

A	The base A pairs with base T while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
B	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.
C	The base A pairs with base T while base C pairs with base G to form a double helix DNA.
D	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.
E	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
F	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.

Question 50

Why do manufactures use corn syrup derive fructose over glucose? (ID-B03-80)

A	Fructose is cheaper than glucose.
B	Fructose is a polymer while glucose is a monomer.
C	There is more fructose naturally in corn syrup.
D	Fructose is sweeter than glucose.

Question 51

Which of the following components/substances are present in Red Blood Cells (RBCs)? (ID-B03-88)

A	Nucleus, ribosomes and hemoglobin.
B	Plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
C	Ribosomes, organelles and hemoglobin.
D	Nucleus, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
E	Ribosomes, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.

Question 51 Explanation: 

Red Blood Cells do not have nucleus, organelles or ribosomes.

Question 52

Hydrogen ion (H⁺) and hydroxide ion (OH^-) are highly reactive. They play a major role in what process? (ID-B03-19)

A	Chemical precipitation reactions
B	Acid-base reactions
C	Vital hormone producing reactions
D	Hydrogen bonding

Question 53

Higher the electronegativity, ... (ID-B03-12)

A	...more stable the atom.
B	...higher the radioactivity of the atom.
C	...lower the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.
D	...higher the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.
E	...lower the radioactivity of the atom.

Question 54

There are ___ elements essential to life and the four most abundant includes hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and ___. (ID-B03-01)

A	15 , nitrogen
B	15, iron
C	25 , nitrogen
D	22 , iron
E	22 , sodium
F	15 , sodium

Question 55

Alberta has considerable deposits of Uranium. What cancer causing gas is produced as a result of Uranium decay? (ID-B03-10)

A	Thorium gas
B	Radon gas
C	Sulfur mustard gas
D	Natural gas

Question 56

Lactose intolerant is caused due to lack of lactase enzyme, which hydrolyse what glycosidic bonds? (ID-B03-26)

A	α−1-->1
B	β−1-->1
C	α−1-->4
D	β−1-->4

Question 57

Living cells have the amazing ability to distinguish different isotopes of the same element. (ID-B03-09)

A	True
B	False

Question 58

Which of the following that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have? (ID-B03-57)

A	Organelles
B	DNA as genetic materials
C	Cell walls
D	Nucleus

Question 58 Explanation: 

Note all prokaryotic cells have cell walls.

Question 59

All of the following chemical groups are hydrophilic except, (ID-B03-22)

A	Carbonyl group
B	Hydroxyl group
C	Carboxyl group
D	Methyl group
E	Phosphate group
F	Amino group

Question 60

You take a spoon full of cocoa powder and mix it in milk. Assuming no isolated reactions occurred, which of the statement is most likely describes your cocoa milk shake? (ID-B03-17)

A	Milk is the solvent while cocoa powder is the solute.
B	The mixing of the two most likely have broken down the molecular bounds of water and that resulted in reaction with cocoa powder.
C	The milk acted as the solute which breaks down the chemical compounds in the cocoa powder.
D	The temperature of the mixture should have increased as the mixing progresses.

Question 61

What are the general parts of a nucleotide? (ID-B03-83)

A	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine Hint: While it is true a adenine can be one, it is not a general part!
B	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine
C	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base
D	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base

Question 62

Polymers are broken down to monomers by what process? (ID-B03-79)

A	ATP injection
B	Heating
C	Protein pumps
D	Hydrolysis

Question 63

How many different types of White Blood Cells (WBCs) have been identified? (ID-B03-87)

A	3
B	4
C	5
D	2
E	6

Question 64

Which of the following statement is correct about saturated fats? (ID-B03-43)

A	They have kinks caused by double bonding of carbon atoms.
B	They are often found in olive oil and vegetable oils.
C	Compared to unsaturated fatty acids, they have a very high melting point.
D	They have the maximum number of hydrogens (alkanes) in the fats and lipid group.

Question 65

What is the relative size of a typical eukaryotic cell? (ID-B03-58)

A	1/30th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
B	1/10th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
C	1/100th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
D	1/50th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
E	1/25th of a typical prokaryotic celll.

Question 66

The ___ is the site where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed and where ribosomes are assembled. (ID-B03-74)

A	Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B	Vesicles
C	Centriole
D	Nucleolus
E	Golgi apparatus

Question 67

Which of the following statement is true about monosaccharides? (ID-B03-25)

A	They usually characterized by three double bonded C-O structures.
B	Most common two; glucose forms 5 membered structures while fructose forms 6 membered structure.
C	Their molecular formulas are usually multiples of CH2O2.
D	They often form ring structures.

Question 68

How is nitrogenous bases of RNA differ from that of DNA? (ID-B03-38)

A	RNA has Cytosine (Cyt) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).
B	RNA has Uracil (Ura) nitrogenous base instead of Thymine (Thy).
C	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).
D	RNA has Guanine (Gua) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
E	RNA has Adenine (Ade) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
F	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).

Question 69

A person who consumes a lot of fructose most likely experience... (ID-B03-27)

A	...diabetes.
B	...thyroid problems.
C	...high cholesterol.
D	...obesity.

Question 69 Explanation: 

Fructose that usually found in HFCS (corn syrup) increases the production of fats. Fructose does not give rise to an insulin response.

Question 70

Chemically why water is important to life? (ID-B03-14)

A	The physical properties such as very low angles between the two H-atoms and the O-atom.
B	Very high reaction rate.
C	The chemical properties such as high cohesion and polarity.
D	Very high electron transfer rate and high electrical conduction rate.

Question 71

Which of the following statement is true about enzymes? (ID-B03-81)

A	They speed up chemical reactions by participating in the reaction.
B	They speed up chemical reactions without participating in the reaction.
C	They slow down chemical reaction by acting as a buffer.
D	They slow down chemical reaction by participating in the reaction.

Question 72

Which of the following integral membrane protein in Red Blood Cells (RBCs) provide gel-like barrier outside the cell? (ID-B03-89)

A	Glycophorin protein
B	Ankrin protein
C	Band 3 protein
D	Aquaporins protein
E	Spectrin protein

Question 73

The phospholipids that form the plasma membrane allow non-polar molecules such as oxygen to move across the cell membrane. How is the ionic and polar molecules move across the membrane? (ID-B03-56)

A	Simple diffusion process.
B	Transport proteins form channels which allow ions and polar molecules to move across.
C	The difference in pH levels inside and outside the cell facilitates movement of ionic and polar molecules.
D	Receptor proteins codes the ionic and polar molecules so that it will be accepted by the phospholipids.

Question 74

The classification organic compounds is based on the presence of what elements? (ID-B03-03)

A	Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen
B	Carbon and Hydrogen
C	Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen
D	Nitrogen and Oxygen
E	Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
F	Hydrogen and Oxygen

Question 75

How is lipids different from other large biological molecules? (ID-B03-29)

A	They do not form polymers.
B	They are the largest biological molecules.
C	They are nonploar and therefore hydrophilic.
D	They can form many different shapes with random orientations.

Question 76

What is a chemical buffer? (ID-B03-49)

A	A substance that prevent changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.
B	A substance that resists genetic mutations.
C	A substance that increase the pH level of a high pH solution while decrease the pH level of a low pH solution.
D	A substance that prevent genetic mutations.
E	A substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.

Question 77

What is the function of mitochondria in animal cells? (ID-B03-61)

A	Provide structural support for the cell wall.
B	Provide structural support for the nucleus.
C	Manufacture and distribution of molecules.
D	Energy processing.
E	Genetic control of the cell.

Question 77 Explanation: 

In plants, this function is carried out by chloroplasts.

Question 78

Which of the following is a polysaccharide? (ID-B03-28)

A	Glucose
B	Maltose
C	Cellulose
D	Fructose

Question 79

During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into __I__ structures and when the cell is not dividing, chromatin fibers are in structures called __II__. (ID-B03-65)

A	I. ribosomes II. nucleoli
B	I. lysosomes II. nucleoli
C	I. ribosomes II. lysosomes
D	I. chromosomes II. chromatin
E	I. chromosomes II. ribosomes

Question 80

What type of cell junction in animal cells provide the similar function as plasmodesmata in plant cells? (ID-B03-86)

A	Tight junctions
B	Fiber junctions
C	Gap junctions
D	Anchoring junctions

Question 81

What is chemotaxis? (ID-B03-64)

A	Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
B	Production of proteins by the bone marrow to keep stable white blood cell count.
C	A digestive process used by herbivorous to break down the plant cells.
D	Process in which chemical difference between inside and outside the cell is maintained.

Question 81 Explanation: 

This is how Bacteria sense food.

Question 82

What theory state that mitochondria and plastids, including chloroplasts, originated as prokaryotic cells engulfed by a host cell? (ID-B03-85)

A	Theory of inheritance
B	Genetic theory
C	Cell theory
D	Endosymbiont theory

Question 83

Which of the following statement is correct about vacuoles in Endomembrane System? (ID-B03-70)

A	They process materials and produce usable energy for eukaryotic cells.
B	In plants, they store toxins to protect them from predators.
C	In humans, they acts as the digestive compartments within cells.
D	They are the transport vesicles that deliver glycoprotein from ER membrane to Golgi apparatus.

Question 84

What is the most abundant organic compound on Earth? (ID-B03-31)

A	Chitin
B	Starch
C	Lipids
D	Cellulose
E	Glycogen

Question 85

Where are the hydrophilic and hydrophobic structures located on the following phospholipid diagram respectively? (ID-B03-48)

Image mod from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0301_Phospholipid_Structure.jpg

A	I and III
B	I and IV
C	III and IV
D	III and I
E	IV and I

Question 86

Which of the following is the functional group of fatty acids? (ID-B03-90)

A	Amino group
B	Carboxyl group
C	Carbonyl group
D	Hydroxyl group
E	Phosphate group

Question 87

Which of the following statements are true about protein structure? (ID-B03-82)

A	Some proteins only have α helix structures while others can have only β pleated sheet structures.
B	The α helix and the β pleated sheet structures are tertiary structure.
C	Protein structures have four levels of structures.
D	Hydrogen bonds are primary structures of proteins.

Question 87 Explanation: 

Note: Only some proteins have four levels while most have three levels of structures.

Question 88

With the development of advanced microscopes, why would you still use a light microscope? (ID-B03-54)

A	Light microscopes are cheaper for a biologist to obtain.
B	Movement of organic material is magnified in advanced microscopes hence harder to study.
C	The techniques used to study microscopic particles in cell biology has not changed since 1665.
D	There is a world wide shortage of advanced microscopes.

Question 89

Fundamentally, functions of proteins are determine by... (ID-B03-32)

A	...their orientation of the hydrogen atoms.
B	...their chemical structures.
C	...the type of translation.
D	...water solubility level.

Question 90

An unknown element has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Which of the following element is most likely fit this atomic description? (ID-B03-05)

A	Carbon-13
B	Carbon-12
C	Nitrogen-12
D	Carbon-14
E	Helium-4

Question 90 Explanation: 

By calculating the atomic mass number with the given data, the ONLY possible answer is Carbon-14.

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