Basic concepts: molecular biology, DNA, RNAs, chemical bonds, importance of water, chemical reactions, organic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, proteins, amino acids, fats, steroids, emulsifiers, etc.

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Biology 205 (BIOL 205-UCAL) Midterm III

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Question 1

All of the following chemical groups are hydrophilic except, (ID-B03-22)

A	Hydroxyl group
B	Carboxyl group
C	Phosphate group
D	Carbonyl group
E	Amino group
F	Methyl group

Question 2

Which of the following would you expect to observe on a person who is suffering from long term drug abuse? (ID-B03-66)

A	Increase production in glycoprotein.
B	Increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C	Decrease production in glycoprotein.
D	Increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 3

Cell walls of bacteria is made up of what material? (ID-B03-63)

A	Glucose
B	Chitin
C	Flagella
D	Peptidoglycan

Question 4

Why do manufactures use corn syrup derive fructose over glucose? (ID-B03-80)

A	Fructose is a polymer while glucose is a monomer.
B	Fructose is sweeter than glucose.
C	Fructose is cheaper than glucose.
D	There is more fructose naturally in corn syrup.

Question 5

A solution at pH 6 contains ___ than the same amount of solution at pH 4. (ID-B03-20)

A	100 times less H+
B	10 times less H+
C	10 times more H+
D	2 times more H+
E	100 times more H+

Question 5 Explanation: 

pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]
[H⁺] = 10^-pH

Question 6

Higher the electronegativity, ... (ID-B03-12)

A	...lower the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.
B	...more stable the atom.
C	...higher the radioactivity of the atom.
D	...lower the radioactivity of the atom.
E	...higher the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.

Question 7

Which of the following statements are true about protein structure? (ID-B03-82)

A	Some proteins only have α helix structures while others can have only β pleated sheet structures.
B	Protein structures have four levels of structures.
C	Hydrogen bonds are primary structures of proteins.
D	The α helix and the β pleated sheet structures are tertiary structure.

Question 7 Explanation: 

Note: Only some proteins have four levels while most have three levels of structures.

Question 8

What is the primary function of RNAs? (ID-B03-45)

A	Provide energy for the DNA structure by converting energy from cells into ATP and transferring it to the nucleus.
B	Carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to make proteins in cells.
C	Protect the nucleus from genetic mutations, even though this always does not work.
D	Develop new genetic codes for evolutionary adaptations.

Question 9

Which of the following is a polysaccharide? (ID-B03-28)

A	Fructose
B	Maltose
C	Cellulose
D	Glucose

Question 10

Which of the following components/substances are present in Red Blood Cells (RBCs)? (ID-B03-88)

A	Nucleus, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
B	Plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
C	Nucleus, ribosomes and hemoglobin.
D	Ribosomes, organelles and hemoglobin.
E	Ribosomes, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.

Question 10 Explanation: 

Red Blood Cells do not have nucleus, organelles or ribosomes.

Question 11

Cytoskeleton is composed of... (ID-B03-62)

A	...Centriole, Golgi apparatus and Ribosomes.
B	...Lysosome and Centriole.
C	...Plasma membrane, Ribosomes and Lysosome.
D	...Microtubule, Intermediate filament and Microfilament.
E	...Ribosomes, Lysosome and Centriole.

Question 12

Which of the following occur during a chemical reaction? (ID-B03-11)

A	Produce molecules and compounds with polarity. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.
B	Number of electrons within the structure increases. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.
C	Valance shell electrons react with other atoms to form bonds.
D	Neutrons and protons from different atoms react with each other.

Question 13

How is lipids different from other large biological molecules? (ID-B03-29)

A	They are the largest biological molecules.
B	They are nonploar and therefore hydrophilic.
C	They can form many different shapes with random orientations.
D	They do not form polymers.

Question 14

During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into __I__ structures and when the cell is not dividing, chromatin fibers are in structures called __II__. (ID-B03-65)

A	I. chromosomes II. ribosomes
B	I. ribosomes II. lysosomes
C	I. lysosomes II. nucleoli
D	I. chromosomes II. chromatin
E	I. ribosomes II. nucleoli

Question 15

Hydrogen ion (H⁺) and hydroxide ion (OH^-) are highly reactive. They play a major role in what process? (ID-B03-19)

A	Chemical precipitation reactions
B	Vital hormone producing reactions
C	Hydrogen bonding
D	Acid-base reactions

Question 16

The chitin is a ____ and it is used by insects and crustaceans to build their exoskeleton. (ID-B03-35)

A	protein
B	lipid
C	polysaccharide
D	disaccharide
E	monsaccharide

Question 17

Alberta has considerable deposits of Uranium. What cancer causing gas is produced as a result of Uranium decay? (ID-B03-10)

A	Sulfur mustard gas
B	Thorium gas
C	Radon gas
D	Natural gas

Question 18

The surface tension of water is vital to organisms. Why does water has high surface tension? (ID-B03-50)

A	The very high electronegative nature of the molecule.
B	The high atomic mass.
C	The hydrogen bonds.
D	Low radioactivity and polarity.

Question 19

What theory state that mitochondria and plastids, including chloroplasts, originated as prokaryotic cells engulfed by a host cell? (ID-B03-85)

A	Theory of inheritance
B	Cell theory
C	Genetic theory
D	Endosymbiont theory

Question 20

Atoms are split/sub-divided into how many subatomic particles? (ID-B03-07)

A	Three subatomic particles.
B	Hundreds of subatomic particles.
C	Two subatomic particles.
D	Five subatomic particles.

Question 20 Explanation: 

Although we have identified more than hundreds of subatomic particles, there are three important ones; Protons, Neutrons and Electrons. Read more at Wikipedia

Question 21

Only the ionic compounds will effectively dissolve in water. (ID-B03-18)

A	True
B	False

Question 21 Explanation: 

Water can dissolve ionic compounds and polar molecules.

Question 22

What is the major function of phospholipids? (ID-B03-46)

A	Energy storage and release.
B	Synthesis of Amino acids, DNA and RNA.
C	Signaling molecules for sex hormones.
D	Forms cell membranes.

Question 23

Living cells have the amazing ability to distinguish different isotopes of the same element. (ID-B03-09)

A	True
B	False

Question 24

How many different RNAs are discovered by biologists? (ID-B03-41)

A	4
B	2
C	5
D	3

Question 24 Explanation: 

They are mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.

Question 25

Plants store polysaccharides as what compound? (ID-B03-30)

A	Glycogen
B	Carboxylic acids
C	Starch
D	Cellulose

Question 26

The classification organic compounds is based on the presence of what elements? (ID-B03-03)

A	Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen
B	Carbon and Hydrogen
C	Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen
D	Hydrogen and Oxygen
E	Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
F	Nitrogen and Oxygen

Question 27

What type of blood cells are formed in a process called erythropoiesis? (ID-B03-69)

A	White blood cells
B	Red blood cells
C	Platelets
D	Serum

Question 28

What is a chemical buffer? (ID-B03-49)

A	A substance that prevent changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.
B	A substance that resists genetic mutations.
C	A substance that increase the pH level of a high pH solution while decrease the pH level of a low pH solution.
D	A substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.
E	A substance that prevent genetic mutations.

Question 29

Which of the following hydrocarbon that has a cyclic (ring) structure? (ID-B03-78)

A	Methane
B	Benzene
C	Ethane
D	Butane

Question 30

What is the length range (size range) for most animal and plant cells? (ID-B03-53)

A	10 to 100 micrometres
B	100 to 1000 micrometres
C	1.0 to 10 micrometres
D	0.1 to 1.0 micrometres

Question 31

Polymers are broken down to monomers by what process? (ID-B03-79)

A	ATP injection
B	Hydrolysis
C	Protein pumps
D	Heating

Question 32

A person who consumes a lot of fructose most likely experience... (ID-B03-27)

A	...high cholesterol.
B	...obesity.
C	...diabetes.
D	...thyroid problems.

Question 32 Explanation: 

Fructose that usually found in HFCS (corn syrup) increases the production of fats. Fructose does not give rise to an insulin response.

Question 33

What is the relative size of a typical eukaryotic cell? (ID-B03-58)

A	1/50th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
B	1/10th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
C	1/30th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
D	1/100th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
E	1/25th of a typical prokaryotic celll.

Question 34

If you want to increase the internal temperature of Canadian moose dung while cooking, what should you do? (ID-B03-16)

Note: Moose dung is a traditional Canadian delicacy. Yum yum 🙂

A	Add salts, ionic compounds, to the moose dung.
B	Increase the humidity of the cook pot.
C	Freeze the dung before cooking.
D	Decrease the humidity of the cook pot.

Question 35

Which of the following that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have? (ID-B03-57)

A	DNA as genetic materials
B	Cell walls
C	Organelles
D	Nucleus

Question 35 Explanation: 

Note all prokaryotic cells have cell walls.

Question 36

A Carbon-14 atom (atomic number 6) that has lost an electron. What is the number of electrons remains? (ID-B03-72)

A	10 electrons.
B	13 electrons.
C	5 electrons.
D	8 electrons.
E	5 electrons.

Question 36 Explanation: 

Atomic number represents protons (+). A neutral atom will have equal number of protons (+) and electrons (-). If an electron is lost, then it must have one less electron than the atomic number.

Question 37

Chemically why water is important to life? (ID-B03-14)

A	The chemical properties such as high cohesion and polarity.
B	Very high electron transfer rate and high electrical conduction rate.
C	Very high reaction rate.
D	The physical properties such as very low angles between the two H-atoms and the O-atom.

Question 38

Which of the following statement is correct about saturated fats? (ID-B03-43)

A	Compared to unsaturated fatty acids, they have a very high melting point.
B	They have the maximum number of hydrogens (alkanes) in the fats and lipid group.
C	They have kinks caused by double bonding of carbon atoms.
D	They are often found in olive oil and vegetable oils.

Question 39

Which of the following statement is correct about vacuoles in Endomembrane System? (ID-B03-70)

A	In plants, they store toxins to protect them from predators.
B	In humans, they acts as the digestive compartments within cells.
C	They are the transport vesicles that deliver glycoprotein from ER membrane to Golgi apparatus.
D	They process materials and produce usable energy for eukaryotic cells.

Question 40

Arrange the following chemical groups diagrams from Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Phosphate and Methyl in that order. (ID-B03-75)

Suggestion: Take your time to answer this question. It can be confusing with 6 types!

A	IV , VI , II , III , V and I
B	VI , IV , III , II , V and I
C	IV , VI , III , II , V and I
D	IV , I , VI , V , II and III
E	VI , IV , II , V , III and I
F	I , III , IV , V , II and VI

Question 41

Which of the following class of biological molecules is responsible for the structure of water insoluble membranes? (ID-B03-23)

A	Nucleic Acids
B	Carbohydrates
C	Proteins
D	Lipids

Question 42

How is nitrogenous bases of RNA differ from that of DNA? (ID-B03-38)

A	RNA has Adenine (Ade) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
B	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).
C	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
D	RNA has Uracil (Ura) nitrogenous base instead of Thymine (Thy).
E	RNA has Guanine (Gua) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
F	RNA has Cytosine (Cyt) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).

Question 43

Which of the following is the functional group of fatty acids? (ID-B03-90)

A	Carbonyl group
B	Hydroxyl group
C	Phosphate group
D	Amino group
E	Carboxyl group

Question 44

How many different amino acids are found in proteins? (ID-B03-36)

A	50
B	100
C	35
D	20
E	Millions

Question 45

Which of the following statement is true about biological cells? (ID-B03-51)

A	Only the animal cells that have materials that move around (mobile).
B	Majority of organic cells lacks nucleus.
C	Both animal and plant cells contains materials that move around (mobile).
D	Natural carbon is only produced by plant cells.
E	Biological cells have the ability to differentiate Carbon-12 from Carbon-14.

Question 46

What criterion is used to classify an element as "trace element" in humans by Biologists? (ID-B03-71)

A	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.01% of the human body weight.
B	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.2% of the human body weight.
C	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.1% of the human body weight.
D	The elemental abundance must be less than 1.0% of the human body weight.
E	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.4% of the human body weight.

Question 47

Which of the following statement is incorrect about RNA? (ID-B03-42)

A	Only the tRNA structure is linear.
B	Only the mRNA structure is linear.
C	Coding of the proteins is done by mRNAs.
D	The tRNA carries amino acids with high energy bound for making proteins.

Question 48

Iodine (I) is an essential trace element used to produce hormones by which gland? (ID-B03-06)

A	Thyroid gland
B	Pituitary gland
C	Prostate gland
D	Salivary gland
E	Pineal gland

Question 49

The fimbriae of a typical prokaryotic cell has what purpose? (ID-B03-60)

A	Attaching to host surfaces.
B	Isolation from the outside; like a cell wall.
C	Locomotion.
D	Facilitate active transport and diffusion.

Question 49 Explanation: 

It is composed of β-sheet type proteins with a sticky end.

Question 50

Cells are the simplest collection of matter that can live. We use microscopes to study them. Which microscope would you use if you were to study intracellular structures? (ID-B03-52)

A	Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
B	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
C	Electron Microscope (EM)
D	Light Microscope (LM)

Question 51

What type of cell junction in animal cells provide the similar function as plasmodesmata in plant cells? (ID-B03-86)

A	Fiber junctions
B	Tight junctions
C	Gap junctions
D	Anchoring junctions

Question 52

An unknown element has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Which of the following element is most likely fit this atomic description? (ID-B03-05)

A	Helium-4
B	Carbon-12
C	Nitrogen-12
D	Carbon-13
E	Carbon-14

Question 52 Explanation: 

By calculating the atomic mass number with the given data, the ONLY possible answer is Carbon-14.

Question 53

The H-bonding networks in proteins is at what level of structure? (ID-B03-34)

A	Tertiary structure
B	Quaternary structure
C	Secondary structure
D	Primary structure:

Question 54

Which of the following statement is true about monosaccharides? (ID-B03-25)

A	Most common two; glucose forms 5 membered structures while fructose forms 6 membered structure.
B	Their molecular formulas are usually multiples of CH2O2.
C	They usually characterized by three double bonded C-O structures.
D	They often form ring structures.

Question 55

Fundamentally, functions of proteins are determine by... (ID-B03-32)

A	...water solubility level.
B	...their chemical structures.
C	...the type of translation.
D	...their orientation of the hydrogen atoms.

Question 56

What is good for human health? (ID-B03-47)

A	A very low LDL to HDL ratio.
B	More cholesterol within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.
C	More triglycerides within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.
D	A very high LDL to HDL ratio.

Question 56 Explanation: 

Medical professionals do not measure the LDL or HDL levels when testing for cholesterol. They test the ratio of LDL/HDL. HDL is good for health and therefore lower the ratio, even if it very high, better it is for the body.

Question 57

Association of multiple polypeptides are often found in what level of protein structure? (ID-B03-37)

A	Secondary structure
B	Primary structure
C	Tertiary structure
D	Quaternary structure

Question 58

Lactose intolerant is caused due to lack of lactase enzyme, which hydrolyse what glycosidic bonds? (ID-B03-26)

A	β−1-->1
B	α−1-->4
C	α−1-->1
D	β−1-->4

Question 59

All living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells. What is this statement describing? (ID-B03-84)

A	Cell theory
B	Laws of inheritance
C	Theory of evolution
D	Genetic theory
E	Molecular theory

Question 60

Isotopes of same element have different amounts of what subatomic particle(s)? (ID-B03-73)

A	Electrons
B	Protons and Electrons
C	Protons
D	Neutrons
E	Protons and Neutrons

Question 60 Explanation: 

Example; the Carbon-12 have 6 neutrons while Carbon-14 has 8. But both have exactly same amount of protons and if they are not at a charged state, same amount of electrons as well.

Question 61

Which of the following statement is correct about microfilaments in the cytoskeleton? (ID-B03-68)

A	They made the various fiberous proteins of α-helical coiled-coils that transport materials from one area to another.
B	They are only found in plant cells because animal cells with movement cannot maintain the structure.
C	They are composed of globular proteins that are assembled and disassembled in different regions of the cell to form hollow pathways.
D	They are composed of action and involved in cell movement and maintaining cell structure.

Question 62

Fats come from animals are generally... (ID-B03-44)

A	...good for human health/digestive system.
B	...contain more nutrition than plant based fats.
C	...solid at room temperature.
D	...unsaturated fats.

Question 63

Proteins are bonded by __I__ and these linking bounds are known as __II__. (ID-B03-33)

A	I. covalent bonds II. peptide bonds
B	I. ionic bonds II. nucleic bonds
C	I. ionic bonds II. peptide bonds
D	I. covalent bonds II. nucleic bonds

Question 64

Communication between cells is maintained through allowing molecules to flow by what type of cell junctions? (ID-B03-67)

A	Tight junctions
B	Gap junctions
C	Messenger junctions
D	Anchoring junctions
E	Membrane junctions

Question 65

What are the general parts of a nucleotide? (ID-B03-83)

A	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base
B	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine
C	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine Hint: While it is true a adenine can be one, it is not a general part!
D	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base

Question 66

Why is the area/volume ratio has to be very small for biological cells to survive? (ID-B03-55)

A	To be able to process food and data.
B	To be able to communicate to the outside world.
C	To be able to stack together to form tissues.
D	To allow nutrients and gasses to pass across the cell surface.

Question 66 Explanation: 

Bit of tricky question because you may argue for few other answers listed above. However, there is a specific reason and that's what this question is asking for.

Question 67

Which of the following statement is correct about DNA double helix? (ID-B03-40)

A	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
B	The base A pairs with base T while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
C	The base A pairs with base T while base C pairs with base G to form a double helix DNA.
D	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.
E	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
F	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.

Question 68

What is the function of flagella on prokaryotic cells? (ID-B03-59)

A	Enzyme and proteins synthesis.
B	Protection from the outside environment.
C	Provide structural support.
D	DNA and RNA replication.
E	Locomotion.

Question 69

What is the function of mitochondria in animal cells? (ID-B03-61)

A	Genetic control of the cell.
B	Provide structural support for the nucleus.
C	Manufacture and distribution of molecules.
D	Energy processing.
E	Provide structural support for the cell wall.

Question 69 Explanation: 

In plants, this function is carried out by chloroplasts.

Question 70

Why dissolution of CO₂ in ocean water result in ocean acidification? (ID-B03-77)

A	Because CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid.
B	Because CO2 reacts with calcium to produce bicarbonate.
C	Because CO2 is an acid.
D	Because CO2 acts as a low pH buffer.

Question 71

How many different types of White Blood Cells (WBCs) have been identified? (ID-B03-87)

A	5
B	6
C	3
D	2
E	4

Question 72

What is the difference between temperature and heat? (ID-B03-15)

A	Temperature is a long term quantitative measurement of energy while heat is a short term measurement of energy.
B	Heat is produced through instantaneous reactions such as boiling water. Temperature is the quantitative measurement of heat.
C	Temperature is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while heat is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).
D	Heat is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while temperature is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).

Question 73

What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? (ID-B03-02)

A	Molecules are always ionic while compounds could be either ionic or covalent.
B	Compounds composed of two or more different elements while molecules composed of two or more atoms.
C	Molecules easily react with organic matter therefore they often involved in chemical reactions. Compounds are stable entities and are often inert.
D	Molecules composed of two or more different elements while compounds composed of two or more atoms.
E	All organic matter is compounds while molecules are inorganic.

Question 74

Which of the organic compounds illustrated below has a double bond? (ID-B03-21)

Image mod from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group

A	IV only
B	I only
C	II and IV
D	III only
E	II only
F	I, II and IV

Question 75

Which of the following statement is true about enzymes? (ID-B03-81)

A	They slow down chemical reaction by acting as a buffer.
B	They speed up chemical reactions without participating in the reaction.
C	They speed up chemical reactions by participating in the reaction.
D	They slow down chemical reaction by participating in the reaction.

Question 76

What is chemotaxis? (ID-B03-64)

A	Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
B	Process in which chemical difference between inside and outside the cell is maintained.
C	Production of proteins by the bone marrow to keep stable white blood cell count.
D	A digestive process used by herbivorous to break down the plant cells.

Question 76 Explanation: 

This is how Bacteria sense food.

Question 77

What is the most abundant organic compound on Earth? (ID-B03-31)

A	Glycogen
B	Starch
C	Chitin
D	Lipids
E	Cellulose

Question 78

Organic chemical reactions takes place... (ID-B03-76)

A	...always outside cell walls.
B	...in aqueous environment of cells.
C	...only by breaking covalent bonds because living cells cannot break down ionic bonds.
D	...by heating the reactants.

Question 79

DNA is made in a process called __I__ while RNA is made in a process called __II__. (ID-B03-24)

A	I. replication II. transcription
B	I. translation II. transcription
C	I. translation II. replication
D	I. transcription II. translation
E	I. replication II. translation
F	I. transcription II. replication

Question 80

Where are the hydrophilic and hydrophobic structures located on the following phospholipid diagram respectively? (ID-B03-48)

Image mod from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0301_Phospholipid_Structure.jpg

A	I and III
B	IV and I
C	III and I
D	I and IV
E	III and IV

Question 81

What is the atomic mass number of 14
6 C? (ID-B03-04)

A	7
B	14
C	8
D	6

Question 82

You take a spoon full of cocoa powder and mix it in milk. Assuming no isolated reactions occurred, which of the statement is most likely describes your cocoa milk shake? (ID-B03-17)

A	The temperature of the mixture should have increased as the mixing progresses.
B	The milk acted as the solute which breaks down the chemical compounds in the cocoa powder.
C	The mixing of the two most likely have broken down the molecular bounds of water and that resulted in reaction with cocoa powder.
D	Milk is the solvent while cocoa powder is the solute.

Question 83

How many different nitrogenous bases that made up of DNA structures? (ID-B03-39)

A	6
B	5
C	3
D	2
E	4

Question 84

The ___ is the site where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed and where ribosomes are assembled. (ID-B03-74)

A	Centriole
B	Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C	Vesicles
D	Golgi apparatus
E	Nucleolus

Question 85

Choose the correct statement(s) from the following list. (ID-B03-13)

I. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
II. Chemical reactions always result in loss of electron(s).
III. Water is slightly polar.
IV. Ionic bonds are bound together with oppositely charged ions.

A	I , III and IV
B	I and III
C	All of the above statements are correct.
D	II and IV
E	I and II
F	I , II and III

Question 86

There are ___ elements essential to life and the four most abundant includes hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and ___. (ID-B03-01)

A	25 , nitrogen
B	15, iron
C	15 , nitrogen
D	15 , sodium
E	22 , sodium
F	22 , iron

Question 87

What is the abundance of most stable isotope of carbon, the Carbon-12, in nature? (ID-B03-08)

A	99%
B	65%
C	100%
D	50%
E	75%

Question 88

Which of the following integral membrane protein in Red Blood Cells (RBCs) provide gel-like barrier outside the cell? (ID-B03-89)

A	Aquaporins protein
B	Spectrin protein
C	Ankrin protein
D	Glycophorin protein
E	Band 3 protein

Question 89

The phospholipids that form the plasma membrane allow non-polar molecules such as oxygen to move across the cell membrane. How is the ionic and polar molecules move across the membrane? (ID-B03-56)

A	The difference in pH levels inside and outside the cell facilitates movement of ionic and polar molecules.
B	Simple diffusion process.
C	Transport proteins form channels which allow ions and polar molecules to move across.
D	Receptor proteins codes the ionic and polar molecules so that it will be accepted by the phospholipids.

Question 90

With the development of advanced microscopes, why would you still use a light microscope? (ID-B03-54)

A	The techniques used to study microscopic particles in cell biology has not changed since 1665.
B	Movement of organic material is magnified in advanced microscopes hence harder to study.
C	Light microscopes are cheaper for a biologist to obtain.
D	There is a world wide shortage of advanced microscopes.

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