Basic concepts: molecular biology, DNA, RNAs, chemical bonds, importance of water, chemical reactions, organic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, proteins, amino acids, fats, steroids, emulsifiers, etc.
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Biology 205 (BIOL 205-UCAL) Midterm III
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Question 1 |
A | In humans, they acts as the digestive compartments within cells. |
B | They process materials and produce usable energy for eukaryotic cells. |
C | They are the transport vesicles that deliver glycoprotein from ER membrane to Golgi apparatus. |
D | In plants, they store toxins to protect them from predators. |
Question 2 |
A | Theory of evolution |
B | Genetic theory |
C | Laws of inheritance |
D | Molecular theory |
E | Cell theory |
Question 3 |
A | Tertiary structure |
B | Primary structure: |
C | Secondary structure |
D | Quaternary structure |
Question 4 |
I. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
II. Chemical reactions always result in loss of electron(s).
III. Water is slightly polar.
IV. Ionic bonds are bound together with oppositely charged ions.
A | II and IV |
B | I , II and III |
C | I and II |
D | I and III |
E | I , III and IV |
F | All of the above statements are correct. |
Question 5 |
A | They often form ring structures. |
B | Their molecular formulas are usually multiples of CH2O2. |
C | Most common two; glucose forms 5 membered structures while fructose forms 6 membered structure. |
D | They usually characterized by three double bonded C-O structures. |
Question 6 |
A | Fructose |
B | Cellulose |
C | Glucose |
D | Maltose |
Question 7 |
A | Movement of organic material is magnified in advanced microscopes hence harder to study. |
B | Light microscopes are cheaper for a biologist to obtain. |
C | The techniques used to study microscopic particles in cell biology has not changed since 1665. |
D | There is a world wide shortage of advanced microscopes. |
Question 8 |
A | Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. |
B | Production of proteins by the bone marrow to keep stable white blood cell count. |
C | Process in which chemical difference between inside and outside the cell is maintained. |
D | A digestive process used by herbivorous to break down the plant cells. |
Question 9 |
A | I. ionic bonds II. nucleic bonds |
B | I. covalent bonds II. nucleic bonds |
C | I. ionic bonds II. peptide bonds |
D | I. covalent bonds II. peptide bonds |
Question 10 |
A | 5 electrons. |
B | 13 electrons. |
C | 5 electrons. |
D | 8 electrons. |
E | 10 electrons. |
Question 11 |
Image mod from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0301_Phospholipid_Structure.jpg
A | IV and I |
B | III and IV |
C | I and IV |
D | III and I |
E | I and III |
Question 12 |
A | Molecules are always ionic while compounds could be either ionic or covalent. |
B | Compounds composed of two or more different elements while molecules composed of two or more atoms. |
C | Molecules easily react with organic matter therefore they often involved in chemical reactions. Compounds are stable entities and are often inert. |
D | All organic matter is compounds while molecules are inorganic. |
E | Molecules composed of two or more different elements while compounds composed of two or more atoms. |
Question 13 |
A | 1/10th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
B | 1/25th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
C | 1/50th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
D | 1/30th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
E | 1/100th of a typical prokaryotic celll. |
Question 14 |
A | Because CO2 acts as a low pH buffer. |
B | Because CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid. |
C | Because CO2 is an acid. |
D | Because CO2 reacts with calcium to produce bicarbonate. |
Question 15 |
A | Provide structural support for the nucleus. |
B | Energy processing. |
C | Genetic control of the cell. |
D | Manufacture and distribution of molecules. |
E | Provide structural support for the cell wall. |
Question 16 |
A | ...in aqueous environment of cells. |
B | ...always outside cell walls. |
C | ...by heating the reactants. |
D | ...only by breaking covalent bonds because living cells cannot break down ionic bonds. |
Question 17 |
A | Vital hormone producing reactions |
B | Hydrogen bonding |
C | Chemical precipitation reactions |
D | Acid-base reactions |
Question 18 |
A | Peptidoglycan |
B | Chitin |
C | Glucose |
D | Flagella |
Question 19 |
A | Ethane |
B | Benzene |
C | Methane |
D | Butane |
Question 20 |
A | To be able to stack together to form tissues. |
B | To allow nutrients and gasses to pass across the cell surface. |
C | To be able to process food and data. |
D | To be able to communicate to the outside world. |
Question 21 |
6 C? (ID-B03-04)
A | 7 |
B | 6 |
C | 14 |
D | 8 |
Question 22 |
A | Platelets |
B | White blood cells |
C | Red blood cells |
D | Serum |
Question 23 |
A | Glycogen |
B | Cellulose |
C | Starch |
D | Carboxylic acids |
Question 24 |
A | Protein structures have four levels of structures. |
B | The α helix and the β pleated sheet structures are tertiary structure. |
C | Hydrogen bonds are primary structures of proteins. |
D | Some proteins only have α helix structures while others can have only β pleated sheet structures. |
Question 25 |
A | Neutrons |
B | Protons |
C | Protons and Electrons |
D | Protons and Neutrons |
E | Electrons |
Question 26 |
A | Tight junctions |
B | Fiber junctions |
C | Gap junctions |
D | Anchoring junctions |
Question 27 |
A | Isolation from the outside; like a cell wall. |
B | Locomotion. |
C | Facilitate active transport and diffusion. |
D | Attaching to host surfaces. |
Question 28 |
A | Nucleus |
B | DNA as genetic materials |
C | Cell walls |
D | Organelles |
Question 29 |
A | Very high reaction rate. |
B | Very high electron transfer rate and high electrical conduction rate. |
C | The physical properties such as very low angles between the two H-atoms and the O-atom. |
D | The chemical properties such as high cohesion and polarity. |
Question 30 |
A | Low radioactivity and polarity. |
B | The high atomic mass. |
C | The very high electronegative nature of the molecule. |
D | The hydrogen bonds. |
Question 31 |
A | 22 , sodium |
B | 15 , nitrogen |
C | 25 , nitrogen |
D | 22 , iron |
E | 15, iron |
F | 15 , sodium |
Question 32 |
A | RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade). |
B | RNA has Uracil (Ura) nitrogenous base instead of Thymine (Thy). |
C | RNA has Guanine (Gua) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
D | RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
E | RNA has Cytosine (Cyt) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade). |
F | RNA has Adenine (Ade) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt). |
Question 33 |
A | 100 times less H+ |
B | 10 times more H+ |
C | 10 times less H+ |
D | 2 times more H+ |
E | 100 times more H+ |
[H+] = 10-pH
Question 34 |
A | 3 |
B | 5 |
C | 2 |
D | 6 |
E | 4 |
Question 35 |
A | Starch |
B | Glycogen |
C | Cellulose |
D | Chitin |
E | Lipids |
Question 36 |
A | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.1% of the human body weight. |
B | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.01% of the human body weight. |
C | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.2% of the human body weight. |
D | The elemental abundance must be less than 0.4% of the human body weight. |
E | The elemental abundance must be less than 1.0% of the human body weight. |
Question 37 |
A | ...contain more nutrition than plant based fats. |
B | ...solid at room temperature. |
C | ...unsaturated fats. |
D | ...good for human health/digestive system. |
Question 38 |
A | Carbon-13 |
B | Carbon-14 |
C | Carbon-12 |
D | Nitrogen-12 |
E | Helium-4 |
Question 39 |
A | Hydrolysis |
B | Protein pumps |
C | ATP injection |
D | Heating |
Question 40 |
A | Quaternary structure |
B | Primary structure |
C | Tertiary structure |
D | Secondary structure |
Question 41 |
A | Genetic theory |
B | Cell theory |
C | Theory of inheritance |
D | Endosymbiont theory |
Question 42 |
A | 99% |
B | 75% |
C | 100% |
D | 50% |
E | 65% |
Question 43 |
A | ...water solubility level. |
B | ...their chemical structures. |
C | ...the type of translation. |
D | ...their orientation of the hydrogen atoms. |
Question 44 |
A | Electron Microscope (EM) |
B | Light Microscope (LM) |
C | Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) |
D | Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) |
Question 45 |
A | Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
B | Carbon and Hydrogen |
C | Hydrogen and Oxygen |
D | Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
E | Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen |
F | Nitrogen and Oxygen |
Question 46 |
A | They speed up chemical reactions by participating in the reaction. |
B | They slow down chemical reaction by acting as a buffer. |
C | They slow down chemical reaction by participating in the reaction. |
D | They speed up chemical reactions without participating in the reaction. |
Question 47 |
A | Number of electrons within the structure increases. Hint: Not always, but sometimes. |
B | Neutrons and protons from different atoms react with each other. |
C | Produce molecules and compounds with polarity. Hint: Not always, but sometimes. |
D | Valance shell electrons react with other atoms to form bonds. |
Question 48 |
A | 3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine |
B | 5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine Hint: While it is true a adenine can be one, it is not a general part! |
C | 3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base |
D | 5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base |
Question 49 |
Suggestion: Take your time to answer this question. It can be confusing with 6 types!
A | IV , I , VI , V , II and III |
B | IV , VI , III , II , V and I |
C | IV , VI , II , III , V and I |
D | VI , IV , II , V , III and I |
E | I , III , IV , V , II and VI |
F | VI , IV , III , II , V and I |
Question 50 |
A | Proteins |
B | Lipids |
C | Carbohydrates |
D | Nucleic Acids |
Question 51 |
Image mod from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group
A | III only |
B | II only |
C | I only |
D | IV only |
E | II and IV |
F | I, II and IV |
Question 52 |
A | Heat is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while temperature is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms). |
B | Temperature is a long term quantitative measurement of energy while heat is a short term measurement of energy. |
C | Heat is produced through instantaneous reactions such as boiling water. Temperature is the quantitative measurement of heat. |
D | Temperature is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while heat is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms). |
Question 53 |
A | Only the mRNA structure is linear. |
B | The tRNA carries amino acids with high energy bound for making proteins. |
C | Coding of the proteins is done by mRNAs. |
D | Only the tRNA structure is linear. |
Question 54 |
A | Provide energy for the DNA structure by converting energy from cells into ATP and transferring it to the nucleus. |
B | Protect the nucleus from genetic mutations, even though this always does not work. |
C | Develop new genetic codes for evolutionary adaptations. |
D | Carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to make proteins in cells. |
Question 55 |
A | Thyroid gland |
B | Salivary gland |
C | Pineal gland |
D | Pituitary gland |
E | Prostate gland |
Question 56 |
A | Hydroxyl group |
B | Methyl group |
C | Amino group |
D | Phosphate group |
E | Carboxyl group |
F | Carbonyl group |
Question 57 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 58 |
A | Ribosomes, organelles and hemoglobin. |
B | Ribosomes, plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
C | Nucleus, ribosomes and hemoglobin. |
D | Plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
E | Nucleus, plasma membrane and hemoglobin. |
Question 59 |
A | 1.0 to 10 micrometres |
B | 0.1 to 1.0 micrometres |
C | 10 to 100 micrometres |
D | 100 to 1000 micrometres |
Question 60 |
A | 4 |
B | 2 |
C | 3 |
D | 5 |
Question 61 |
A | Provide structural support. |
B | Locomotion. |
C | Enzyme and proteins synthesis. |
D | Protection from the outside environment. |
E | DNA and RNA replication. |
Question 62 |
A | I. translation II. transcription |
B | I. translation II. replication |
C | I. replication II. translation |
D | I. replication II. transcription |
E | I. transcription II. replication |
F | I. transcription II. translation |
Question 63 |
A | Synthesis of Amino acids, DNA and RNA. |
B | Forms cell membranes. |
C | Signaling molecules for sex hormones. |
D | Energy storage and release. |
Question 64 |
A | Simple diffusion process. |
B | The difference in pH levels inside and outside the cell facilitates movement of ionic and polar molecules. |
C | Transport proteins form channels which allow ions and polar molecules to move across. |
D | Receptor proteins codes the ionic and polar molecules so that it will be accepted by the phospholipids. |
Question 65 |
A | There is more fructose naturally in corn syrup. |
B | Fructose is sweeter than glucose. |
C | Fructose is cheaper than glucose. |
D | Fructose is a polymer while glucose is a monomer. |
Question 66 |
A | Band 3 protein |
B | Glycophorin protein |
C | Spectrin protein |
D | Aquaporins protein |
E | Ankrin protein |
Question 67 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 68 |
A | ...diabetes. |
B | ...high cholesterol. |
C | ...obesity. |
D | ...thyroid problems. |
Question 69 |
A | polysaccharide |
B | monsaccharide |
C | disaccharide |
D | protein |
E | lipid |
Question 70 |
A | I. ribosomes II. nucleoli |
B | I. lysosomes II. nucleoli |
C | I. chromosomes II. chromatin |
D | I. ribosomes II. lysosomes |
E | I. chromosomes II. ribosomes |
Question 71 |
A | Phosphate group |
B | Amino group |
C | Carbonyl group |
D | Hydroxyl group |
E | Carboxyl group |
Question 72 |
A | They have kinks caused by double bonding of carbon atoms. |
B | They have the maximum number of hydrogens (alkanes) in the fats and lipid group. |
C | Compared to unsaturated fatty acids, they have a very high melting point. |
D | They are often found in olive oil and vegetable oils. |
Question 73 |
A | Centriole |
B | Golgi apparatus |
C | Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
D | Nucleolus |
E | Vesicles |
Question 74 |
A | A very low LDL to HDL ratio. |
B | A very high LDL to HDL ratio. |
C | More cholesterol within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood. |
D | More triglycerides within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood. |
Question 75 |
A | Increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. |
B | Increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
C | Increase production in glycoprotein. |
D | Decrease production in glycoprotein. |
Question 76 |
A | They do not form polymers. |
B | They are nonploar and therefore hydrophilic. |
C | They are the largest biological molecules. |
D | They can form many different shapes with random orientations. |
Question 77 |
A | Two subatomic particles. |
B | Hundreds of subatomic particles. |
C | Five subatomic particles. |
D | Three subatomic particles. |
Question 78 |
A | 6 |
B | 3 |
C | 5 |
D | 4 |
E | 2 |
Question 79 |
A | Sulfur mustard gas |
B | Natural gas |
C | Thorium gas |
D | Radon gas |
Question 80 |
A | Natural carbon is only produced by plant cells. |
B | Both animal and plant cells contains materials that move around (mobile). |
C | Biological cells have the ability to differentiate Carbon-12 from Carbon-14. |
D | Only the animal cells that have materials that move around (mobile). |
E | Majority of organic cells lacks nucleus. |
Question 81 |
A | The temperature of the mixture should have increased as the mixing progresses. |
B | The mixing of the two most likely have broken down the molecular bounds of water and that resulted in reaction with cocoa powder. |
C | The milk acted as the solute which breaks down the chemical compounds in the cocoa powder. |
D | Milk is the solvent while cocoa powder is the solute. |
Question 82 |
A | ...more stable the atom. |
B | ...higher the pull of electrons towards its nucleus. |
C | ...lower the pull of electrons towards its nucleus. |
D | ...higher the radioactivity of the atom. |
E | ...lower the radioactivity of the atom. |
Question 83 |
A | ...Centriole, Golgi apparatus and Ribosomes. |
B | ...Plasma membrane, Ribosomes and Lysosome. |
C | ...Ribosomes, Lysosome and Centriole. |
D | ...Microtubule, Intermediate filament and Microfilament. |
E | ...Lysosome and Centriole. |
Question 84 |
A | Anchoring junctions |
B | Membrane junctions |
C | Tight junctions |
D | Gap junctions |
E | Messenger junctions |
Question 85 |
A | A substance that increase the pH level of a high pH solution while decrease the pH level of a low pH solution. |
B | A substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons. |
C | A substance that resists genetic mutations. |
D | A substance that prevent changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons. |
E | A substance that prevent genetic mutations. |
Question 86 |
Note: Moose dung is a traditional Canadian delicacy. Yum yum 🙂
A | Freeze the dung before cooking. |
B | Increase the humidity of the cook pot. |
C | Add salts, ionic compounds, to the moose dung. |
D | Decrease the humidity of the cook pot. |
Question 87 |
A | 100 |
B | 35 |
C | Millions |
D | 50 |
E | 20 |
Question 88 |
A | β−1-->1 |
B | β−1-->4 |
C | α−1-->4 |
D | α−1-->1 |
Question 89 |
A | The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA. |
B | The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
C | The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
D | The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA. |
E | The base A pairs with base T while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA. |
F | The base A pairs with base T while base C pairs with base G to form a double helix DNA. |
Question 90 |
A | They are composed of globular proteins that are assembled and disassembled in different regions of the cell to form hollow pathways. |
B | They are only found in plant cells because animal cells with movement cannot maintain the structure. |
C | They made the various fiberous proteins of α-helical
coiled-coils that transport materials from one area to another. |
D | They are composed of action and involved in cell movement and maintaining cell structure. |
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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Lohmeier-Vogel during Fall 2014.
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