Basic concepts: molecular biology, DNA, RNAs, chemical bonds, importance of water, chemical reactions, organic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, proteins, amino acids, fats, steroids, emulsifiers, etc.

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Biology 205 (BIOL 205-UCAL) Midterm III

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Question 1

What is the difference between temperature and heat? (ID-B03-15)

A	Heat is produced through instantaneous reactions such as boiling water. Temperature is the quantitative measurement of heat.
B	Temperature is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while heat is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).
C	Heat is the amount of energy associated with movement of atoms while temperature is the intensity of heat (average speed of atoms).
D	Temperature is a long term quantitative measurement of energy while heat is a short term measurement of energy.

Question 2

What is the abundance of most stable isotope of carbon, the Carbon-12, in nature? (ID-B03-08)

A	75%
B	99%
C	50%
D	100%
E	65%

Question 3

The ___ is the site where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed and where ribosomes are assembled. (ID-B03-74)

A	Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B	Golgi apparatus
C	Nucleolus
D	Vesicles
E	Centriole

Question 4

What criterion is used to classify an element as "trace element" in humans by Biologists? (ID-B03-71)

A	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.1% of the human body weight.
B	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.2% of the human body weight.
C	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.01% of the human body weight.
D	The elemental abundance must be less than 1.0% of the human body weight.
E	The elemental abundance must be less than 0.4% of the human body weight.

Question 5

An unknown element has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Which of the following element is most likely fit this atomic description? (ID-B03-05)

A	Carbon-12
B	Helium-4
C	Carbon-13
D	Nitrogen-12
E	Carbon-14

Question 5 Explanation: 

By calculating the atomic mass number with the given data, the ONLY possible answer is Carbon-14.

Question 6

Atoms are split/sub-divided into how many subatomic particles? (ID-B03-07)

A	Five subatomic particles.
B	Three subatomic particles.
C	Two subatomic particles.
D	Hundreds of subatomic particles.

Question 6 Explanation: 

Although we have identified more than hundreds of subatomic particles, there are three important ones; Protons, Neutrons and Electrons. Read more at Wikipedia

Question 7

What is the relative size of a typical eukaryotic cell? (ID-B03-58)

A	1/30th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
B	1/25th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
C	1/50th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
D	1/10th of a typical prokaryotic celll.
E	1/100th of a typical prokaryotic celll.

Question 8

A solution at pH 6 contains ___ than the same amount of solution at pH 4. (ID-B03-20)

A	10 times less H+
B	2 times more H+
C	10 times more H+
D	100 times less H+
E	100 times more H+

Question 8 Explanation: 

pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]
[H⁺] = 10^-pH

Question 9

Which of the following would you expect to observe on a person who is suffering from long term drug abuse? (ID-B03-66)

A	Increase production in glycoprotein.
B	Increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C	Increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D	Decrease production in glycoprotein.

Question 10

How is nitrogenous bases of RNA differ from that of DNA? (ID-B03-38)

A	RNA has Uracil (Ura) nitrogenous base instead of Thymine (Thy).
B	RNA has Cytosine (Cyt) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).
C	RNA has Adenine (Ade) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
D	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Adenine (Ade).
E	RNA has Thymine (Thy) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).
F	RNA has Guanine (Gua) nitrogenous base instead of Cytosine (Cyt).

Question 11

Higher the electronegativity, ... (ID-B03-12)

A	...higher the radioactivity of the atom.
B	...lower the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.
C	...more stable the atom.
D	...higher the pull of electrons towards its nucleus.
E	...lower the radioactivity of the atom.

Question 12

All living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells. What is this statement describing? (ID-B03-84)

A	Theory of evolution
B	Cell theory
C	Molecular theory
D	Genetic theory
E	Laws of inheritance

Question 13

Which of the following components/substances are present in Red Blood Cells (RBCs)? (ID-B03-88)

A	Nucleus, ribosomes and hemoglobin.
B	Nucleus, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
C	Ribosomes, plasma membrane and hemoglobin.
D	Ribosomes, organelles and hemoglobin.
E	Plasma membrane and hemoglobin.

Question 13 Explanation: 

Red Blood Cells do not have nucleus, organelles or ribosomes.

Question 14

Which of the following statement is correct about DNA double helix? (ID-B03-40)

A	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
B	The base A pairs with base T while base C pairs with base G to form a double helix DNA.
C	The base A pairs with base T while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
D	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.
E	The base A pairs with base G while base C pairs with base T to form a double helix RNA.
F	The base A pairs with base C while base G pairs with base T to form a double helix DNA.

Question 15

Why is the area/volume ratio has to be very small for biological cells to survive? (ID-B03-55)

A	To be able to communicate to the outside world.
B	To be able to process food and data.
C	To be able to stack together to form tissues.
D	To allow nutrients and gasses to pass across the cell surface.

Question 15 Explanation: 

Bit of tricky question because you may argue for few other answers listed above. However, there is a specific reason and that's what this question is asking for.

Question 16

What theory state that mitochondria and plastids, including chloroplasts, originated as prokaryotic cells engulfed by a host cell? (ID-B03-85)

A	Cell theory
B	Theory of inheritance
C	Genetic theory
D	Endosymbiont theory

Question 17

What is chemotaxis? (ID-B03-64)

A	Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
B	Process in which chemical difference between inside and outside the cell is maintained.
C	Production of proteins by the bone marrow to keep stable white blood cell count.
D	A digestive process used by herbivorous to break down the plant cells.

Question 17 Explanation: 

This is how Bacteria sense food.

Question 18

The surface tension of water is vital to organisms. Why does water has high surface tension? (ID-B03-50)

A	The high atomic mass.
B	Low radioactivity and polarity.
C	The hydrogen bonds.
D	The very high electronegative nature of the molecule.

Question 19

Arrange the following chemical groups diagrams from Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Phosphate and Methyl in that order. (ID-B03-75)

Suggestion: Take your time to answer this question. It can be confusing with 6 types!

A	VI , IV , III , II , V and I
B	VI , IV , II , V , III and I
C	IV , VI , II , III , V and I
D	I , III , IV , V , II and VI
E	IV , VI , III , II , V and I
F	IV , I , VI , V , II and III

Question 20

What is the atomic mass number of 14
6 C? (ID-B03-04)

A	6
B	7
C	14
D	8

Question 21

Which of the following that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have? (ID-B03-57)

A	Cell walls
B	Nucleus
C	DNA as genetic materials
D	Organelles

Question 21 Explanation: 

Note all prokaryotic cells have cell walls.

Question 22

Which of the following statement is true about enzymes? (ID-B03-81)

A	They speed up chemical reactions by participating in the reaction.
B	They slow down chemical reaction by acting as a buffer.
C	They speed up chemical reactions without participating in the reaction.
D	They slow down chemical reaction by participating in the reaction.

Question 23

Alberta has considerable deposits of Uranium. What cancer causing gas is produced as a result of Uranium decay? (ID-B03-10)

A	Thorium gas
B	Sulfur mustard gas
C	Natural gas
D	Radon gas

Question 24

Organic chemical reactions takes place... (ID-B03-76)

A	...only by breaking covalent bonds because living cells cannot break down ionic bonds.
B	...always outside cell walls.
C	...by heating the reactants.
D	...in aqueous environment of cells.

Question 25

What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? (ID-B03-02)

A	Molecules are always ionic while compounds could be either ionic or covalent.
B	Molecules easily react with organic matter therefore they often involved in chemical reactions. Compounds are stable entities and are often inert.
C	All organic matter is compounds while molecules are inorganic.
D	Molecules composed of two or more different elements while compounds composed of two or more atoms.
E	Compounds composed of two or more different elements while molecules composed of two or more atoms.

Question 26

The chitin is a ____ and it is used by insects and crustaceans to build their exoskeleton. (ID-B03-35)

A	lipid
B	protein
C	polysaccharide
D	disaccharide
E	monsaccharide

Question 27

Which of the following statement is true about biological cells? (ID-B03-51)

A	Biological cells have the ability to differentiate Carbon-12 from Carbon-14.
B	Natural carbon is only produced by plant cells.
C	Both animal and plant cells contains materials that move around (mobile).
D	Only the animal cells that have materials that move around (mobile).
E	Majority of organic cells lacks nucleus.

Question 28

Association of multiple polypeptides are often found in what level of protein structure? (ID-B03-37)

A	Primary structure
B	Secondary structure
C	Tertiary structure
D	Quaternary structure

Question 29

A Carbon-14 atom (atomic number 6) that has lost an electron. What is the number of electrons remains? (ID-B03-72)

A	5 electrons.
B	10 electrons.
C	5 electrons.
D	13 electrons.
E	8 electrons.

Question 29 Explanation: 

Atomic number represents protons (+). A neutral atom will have equal number of protons (+) and electrons (-). If an electron is lost, then it must have one less electron than the atomic number.

Question 30

During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into __I__ structures and when the cell is not dividing, chromatin fibers are in structures called __II__. (ID-B03-65)

A	I. lysosomes II. nucleoli
B	I. ribosomes II. lysosomes
C	I. chromosomes II. chromatin
D	I. chromosomes II. ribosomes
E	I. ribosomes II. nucleoli

Question 31

Only the ionic compounds will effectively dissolve in water. (ID-B03-18)

A	True
B	False

Question 31 Explanation: 

Water can dissolve ionic compounds and polar molecules.

Question 32

There are ___ elements essential to life and the four most abundant includes hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and ___. (ID-B03-01)

A	22 , sodium
B	22 , iron
C	15 , nitrogen
D	15, iron
E	15 , sodium
F	25 , nitrogen

Question 33

Fundamentally, functions of proteins are determine by... (ID-B03-32)

A	...their orientation of the hydrogen atoms.
B	...water solubility level.
C	...their chemical structures.
D	...the type of translation.

Question 34

Which of the following is the functional group of fatty acids? (ID-B03-90)

A	Carboxyl group
B	Phosphate group
C	Carbonyl group
D	Hydroxyl group
E	Amino group

Question 35

Choose the correct statement(s) from the following list. (ID-B03-13)

I. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
II. Chemical reactions always result in loss of electron(s).
III. Water is slightly polar.
IV. Ionic bonds are bound together with oppositely charged ions.

A	II and IV
B	I , II and III
C	I , III and IV
D	I and II
E	All of the above statements are correct.
F	I and III

Question 36

Proteins are bonded by __I__ and these linking bounds are known as __II__. (ID-B03-33)

A	I. covalent bonds II. nucleic bonds
B	I. ionic bonds II. nucleic bonds
C	I. ionic bonds II. peptide bonds
D	I. covalent bonds II. peptide bonds

Question 37

Communication between cells is maintained through allowing molecules to flow by what type of cell junctions? (ID-B03-67)

A	Gap junctions
B	Tight junctions
C	Messenger junctions
D	Anchoring junctions
E	Membrane junctions

Question 38

Chemically why water is important to life? (ID-B03-14)

A	Very high reaction rate.
B	Very high electron transfer rate and high electrical conduction rate.
C	The physical properties such as very low angles between the two H-atoms and the O-atom.
D	The chemical properties such as high cohesion and polarity.

Question 39

The classification organic compounds is based on the presence of what elements? (ID-B03-03)

A	Carbon and Hydrogen
B	Nitrogen and Oxygen
C	Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen
D	Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen
E	Hydrogen and Oxygen
F	Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen

Question 40

How many different RNAs are discovered by biologists? (ID-B03-41)

A	5
B	4
C	3
D	2

Question 40 Explanation: 

They are mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.

Question 41

Iodine (I) is an essential trace element used to produce hormones by which gland? (ID-B03-06)

A	Pituitary gland
B	Salivary gland
C	Pineal gland
D	Thyroid gland
E	Prostate gland

Question 42

The fimbriae of a typical prokaryotic cell has what purpose? (ID-B03-60)

A	Isolation from the outside; like a cell wall.
B	Attaching to host surfaces.
C	Facilitate active transport and diffusion.
D	Locomotion.

Question 42 Explanation: 

It is composed of β-sheet type proteins with a sticky end.

Question 43

What is the primary function of RNAs? (ID-B03-45)

A	Protect the nucleus from genetic mutations, even though this always does not work.
B	Carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to make proteins in cells.
C	Develop new genetic codes for evolutionary adaptations.
D	Provide energy for the DNA structure by converting energy from cells into ATP and transferring it to the nucleus.

Question 44

What type of cell junction in animal cells provide the similar function as plasmodesmata in plant cells? (ID-B03-86)

A	Anchoring junctions
B	Gap junctions
C	Fiber junctions
D	Tight junctions

Question 45

Lactose intolerant is caused due to lack of lactase enzyme, which hydrolyse what glycosidic bonds? (ID-B03-26)

A	β−1-->4
B	α−1-->4
C	α−1-->1
D	β−1-->1

Question 46

What is the length range (size range) for most animal and plant cells? (ID-B03-53)

A	1.0 to 10 micrometres
B	100 to 1000 micrometres
C	10 to 100 micrometres
D	0.1 to 1.0 micrometres

Question 47

What is the most abundant organic compound on Earth? (ID-B03-31)

A	Glycogen
B	Chitin
C	Lipids
D	Starch
E	Cellulose

Question 48

How many different nitrogenous bases that made up of DNA structures? (ID-B03-39)

A	3
B	2
C	5
D	6
E	4

Question 49

All of the following chemical groups are hydrophilic except, (ID-B03-22)

A	Methyl group
B	Phosphate group
C	Amino group
D	Hydroxyl group
E	Carboxyl group
F	Carbonyl group

Question 50

Where are the hydrophilic and hydrophobic structures located on the following phospholipid diagram respectively? (ID-B03-48)

Image mod from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0301_Phospholipid_Structure.jpg

A	III and IV
B	I and IV
C	IV and I
D	I and III
E	III and I

Question 51

What is the function of flagella on prokaryotic cells? (ID-B03-59)

A	Provide structural support.
B	Locomotion.
C	DNA and RNA replication.
D	Enzyme and proteins synthesis.
E	Protection from the outside environment.

Question 52

Which of the organic compounds illustrated below has a double bond? (ID-B03-21)

Image mod from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group

A	I only
B	IV only
C	II only
D	I, II and IV
E	III only
F	II and IV

Question 53

Which of the following hydrocarbon that has a cyclic (ring) structure? (ID-B03-78)

A	Butane
B	Benzene
C	Ethane
D	Methane

Question 54

Cell walls of bacteria is made up of what material? (ID-B03-63)

A	Flagella
B	Peptidoglycan
C	Glucose
D	Chitin

Question 55

Isotopes of same element have different amounts of what subatomic particle(s)? (ID-B03-73)

A	Protons
B	Protons and Electrons
C	Electrons
D	Neutrons
E	Protons and Neutrons

Question 55 Explanation: 

Example; the Carbon-12 have 6 neutrons while Carbon-14 has 8. But both have exactly same amount of protons and if they are not at a charged state, same amount of electrons as well.

Question 56

Hydrogen ion (H⁺) and hydroxide ion (OH^-) are highly reactive. They play a major role in what process? (ID-B03-19)

A	Vital hormone producing reactions
B	Chemical precipitation reactions
C	Hydrogen bonding
D	Acid-base reactions

Question 57

How is lipids different from other large biological molecules? (ID-B03-29)

A	They are nonploar and therefore hydrophilic.
B	They can form many different shapes with random orientations.
C	They are the largest biological molecules.
D	They do not form polymers.

Question 58

What is the function of mitochondria in animal cells? (ID-B03-61)

A	Energy processing.
B	Manufacture and distribution of molecules.
C	Provide structural support for the nucleus.
D	Provide structural support for the cell wall.
E	Genetic control of the cell.

Question 58 Explanation: 

In plants, this function is carried out by chloroplasts.

Question 59

What is the major function of phospholipids? (ID-B03-46)

A	Synthesis of Amino acids, DNA and RNA.
B	Forms cell membranes.
C	Signaling molecules for sex hormones.
D	Energy storage and release.

Question 60

Which of the following statement is incorrect about RNA? (ID-B03-42)

A	Only the mRNA structure is linear.
B	Only the tRNA structure is linear.
C	The tRNA carries amino acids with high energy bound for making proteins.
D	Coding of the proteins is done by mRNAs.

Question 61

Plants store polysaccharides as what compound? (ID-B03-30)

A	Cellulose
B	Carboxylic acids
C	Glycogen
D	Starch

Question 62

Why dissolution of CO₂ in ocean water result in ocean acidification? (ID-B03-77)

A	Because CO2 is an acid.
B	Because CO2 acts as a low pH buffer.
C	Because CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid.
D	Because CO2 reacts with calcium to produce bicarbonate.

Question 63

How many different types of White Blood Cells (WBCs) have been identified? (ID-B03-87)

A	5
B	4
C	6
D	3
E	2

Question 64

Polymers are broken down to monomers by what process? (ID-B03-79)

A	Heating
B	Hydrolysis
C	ATP injection
D	Protein pumps

Question 65

You take a spoon full of cocoa powder and mix it in milk. Assuming no isolated reactions occurred, which of the statement is most likely describes your cocoa milk shake? (ID-B03-17)

A	The milk acted as the solute which breaks down the chemical compounds in the cocoa powder.
B	The mixing of the two most likely have broken down the molecular bounds of water and that resulted in reaction with cocoa powder.
C	Milk is the solvent while cocoa powder is the solute.
D	The temperature of the mixture should have increased as the mixing progresses.

Question 66

With the development of advanced microscopes, why would you still use a light microscope? (ID-B03-54)

A	There is a world wide shortage of advanced microscopes.
B	The techniques used to study microscopic particles in cell biology has not changed since 1665.
C	Light microscopes are cheaper for a biologist to obtain.
D	Movement of organic material is magnified in advanced microscopes hence harder to study.

Question 67

Which of the following statements are true about protein structure? (ID-B03-82)

A	Hydrogen bonds are primary structures of proteins.
B	Some proteins only have α helix structures while others can have only β pleated sheet structures.
C	The α helix and the β pleated sheet structures are tertiary structure.
D	Protein structures have four levels of structures.

Question 67 Explanation: 

Note: Only some proteins have four levels while most have three levels of structures.

Question 68

If you want to increase the internal temperature of Canadian moose dung while cooking, what should you do? (ID-B03-16)

Note: Moose dung is a traditional Canadian delicacy. Yum yum 🙂

A	Freeze the dung before cooking.
B	Increase the humidity of the cook pot.
C	Decrease the humidity of the cook pot.
D	Add salts, ionic compounds, to the moose dung.

Question 69

The phospholipids that form the plasma membrane allow non-polar molecules such as oxygen to move across the cell membrane. How is the ionic and polar molecules move across the membrane? (ID-B03-56)

A	Transport proteins form channels which allow ions and polar molecules to move across.
B	The difference in pH levels inside and outside the cell facilitates movement of ionic and polar molecules.
C	Receptor proteins codes the ionic and polar molecules so that it will be accepted by the phospholipids.
D	Simple diffusion process.

Question 70

Which of the following integral membrane protein in Red Blood Cells (RBCs) provide gel-like barrier outside the cell? (ID-B03-89)

A	Ankrin protein
B	Band 3 protein
C	Spectrin protein
D	Glycophorin protein
E	Aquaporins protein

Question 71

Which of the following occur during a chemical reaction? (ID-B03-11)

A	Neutrons and protons from different atoms react with each other.
B	Valance shell electrons react with other atoms to form bonds.
C	Produce molecules and compounds with polarity. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.
D	Number of electrons within the structure increases. Hint: Not always, but sometimes.

Question 72

Which of the following statement is correct about microfilaments in the cytoskeleton? (ID-B03-68)

A	They are composed of globular proteins that are assembled and disassembled in different regions of the cell to form hollow pathways.
B	They made the various fiberous proteins of α-helical coiled-coils that transport materials from one area to another.
C	They are only found in plant cells because animal cells with movement cannot maintain the structure.
D	They are composed of action and involved in cell movement and maintaining cell structure.

Question 73

Which of the following statement is true about monosaccharides? (ID-B03-25)

A	They usually characterized by three double bonded C-O structures.
B	They often form ring structures.
C	Most common two; glucose forms 5 membered structures while fructose forms 6 membered structure.
D	Their molecular formulas are usually multiples of CH2O2.

Question 74

Which of the following is a polysaccharide? (ID-B03-28)

A	Maltose
B	Cellulose
C	Fructose
D	Glucose

Question 75

A person who consumes a lot of fructose most likely experience... (ID-B03-27)

A	...high cholesterol.
B	...thyroid problems.
C	...obesity.
D	...diabetes.

Question 75 Explanation: 

Fructose that usually found in HFCS (corn syrup) increases the production of fats. Fructose does not give rise to an insulin response.

Question 76

How many different amino acids are found in proteins? (ID-B03-36)

A	20
B	50
C	Millions
D	100
E	35

Question 77

Living cells have the amazing ability to distinguish different isotopes of the same element. (ID-B03-09)

A	False
B	True

Question 78

Fats come from animals are generally... (ID-B03-44)

A	...good for human health/digestive system.
B	...contain more nutrition than plant based fats.
C	...unsaturated fats.
D	...solid at room temperature.

Question 79

What are the general parts of a nucleotide? (ID-B03-83)

A	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base
B	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine Hint: While it is true a adenine can be one, it is not a general part!
C	3-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a adenine
D	5-carbin sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base

Question 80

Why do manufactures use corn syrup derive fructose over glucose? (ID-B03-80)

A	Fructose is a polymer while glucose is a monomer.
B	Fructose is cheaper than glucose.
C	Fructose is sweeter than glucose.
D	There is more fructose naturally in corn syrup.

Question 81

Which of the following class of biological molecules is responsible for the structure of water insoluble membranes? (ID-B03-23)

A	Proteins
B	Carbohydrates
C	Nucleic Acids
D	Lipids

Question 82

What type of blood cells are formed in a process called erythropoiesis? (ID-B03-69)

A	Platelets
B	Red blood cells
C	Serum
D	White blood cells

Question 83

Cells are the simplest collection of matter that can live. We use microscopes to study them. Which microscope would you use if you were to study intracellular structures? (ID-B03-52)

A	Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
B	Electron Microscope (EM)
C	Light Microscope (LM)
D	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Question 84

What is good for human health? (ID-B03-47)

A	A very high LDL to HDL ratio.
B	A very low LDL to HDL ratio.
C	More cholesterol within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.
D	More triglycerides within the lipoprotein, hence away from the blood.

Question 84 Explanation: 

Medical professionals do not measure the LDL or HDL levels when testing for cholesterol. They test the ratio of LDL/HDL. HDL is good for health and therefore lower the ratio, even if it very high, better it is for the body.

Question 85

DNA is made in a process called __I__ while RNA is made in a process called __II__. (ID-B03-24)

A	I. translation II. replication
B	I. replication II. transcription
C	I. transcription II. translation
D	I. transcription II. replication
E	I. translation II. transcription
F	I. replication II. translation

Question 86

The H-bonding networks in proteins is at what level of structure? (ID-B03-34)

A	Primary structure:
B	Tertiary structure
C	Quaternary structure
D	Secondary structure

Question 87

Cytoskeleton is composed of... (ID-B03-62)

A	...Lysosome and Centriole.
B	...Microtubule, Intermediate filament and Microfilament.
C	...Ribosomes, Lysosome and Centriole.
D	...Plasma membrane, Ribosomes and Lysosome.
E	...Centriole, Golgi apparatus and Ribosomes.

Question 88

Which of the following statement is correct about vacuoles in Endomembrane System? (ID-B03-70)

A	They are the transport vesicles that deliver glycoprotein from ER membrane to Golgi apparatus.
B	In plants, they store toxins to protect them from predators.
C	They process materials and produce usable energy for eukaryotic cells.
D	In humans, they acts as the digestive compartments within cells.

Question 89

What is a chemical buffer? (ID-B03-49)

A	A substance that increase the pH level of a high pH solution while decrease the pH level of a low pH solution.
B	A substance that prevent changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.
C	A substance that prevent genetic mutations.
D	A substance that resists genetic mutations.
E	A substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen irons.

Question 90

Which of the following statement is correct about saturated fats? (ID-B03-43)

A	They have the maximum number of hydrogens (alkanes) in the fats and lipid group.
B	They have kinks caused by double bonding of carbon atoms.
C	They are often found in olive oil and vegetable oils.
D	Compared to unsaturated fatty acids, they have a very high melting point.

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