Anthropology 303 – Business In Cultural Context

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Anthropology 303 (ANTH 303-UCAL) Midterm II

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Question 1

What is degree centrality in social network analysis? (ID-BC2-13)

A	Measure of control which a company officials have over their divisions and branches.
B	Measure of power sharing in a company or a government institution.
C	Higher centrality means the company is controlled through a structured hierarchical system.
D	Specialization of social sub groups within a company.
E	Number of connections an individual has with others.

Question 2

Under the social network analysis, which of the following person most likely the most important to a company? (ID-BC2-14)

A	Middle level employees such as engineers and production managers.
B	Lowest level employees that have the direct contact with customers.
C	Individuals with most personal and official connections to others.
D	CEOs and Board of Directors
E	Branch managers and/or divisional supervisors.

Question 3

Please answer the following question according to the Social Network Analysis. (ID-BC2-29)
__I__ type of person has the most amount of information but __II__ type of person plays a "broker" role and can significantly influence information flow in a Social Network.

A	I. Boundary spanner II. connector
B	I. Betweener II. connector
C	I. Connector II. boundary spanner
D	I. Boundary spanner II. betweener
E	I. Connector II. betweener

Question 4

What is the primary problem associated with traditional market research methods? (ID-BC2-01)

A	They are based on surveys and cannot be used to answer the question why consumers use/buy products.
B	They are often limited to a small demographic region.
C	They are designed to question if the consumer will use a product or service in the future. Hence the past activities are not taken into account.
D	They are often under funded hence the research variables are limited.
E	They have no standard controls to analyze the studies. In other wards, no baseline to compare data and results.

Question 5

Which of the following can be considered as cultural knowledge? (ID-BC2-20)

A	The lighting intensity of a store.
B	Lining up at a cashier for payment for items.
C	Relationship between two or more people.
D	Type of background music in a bank.
E	Your position and the job description in a company.

Question 6

Which of the following is false about the current ethical codes followed by Professional Anthropologists? (ID-BC2-28)

A	Anthropologists can work in studies where the data and analysis will not be published on public domain.
B	Anthropologists should always think through their studies before the data being collected.
C	Anthropologists can obtain data without informing the subjects as long as the data are not used against the subjects in the study.
D	Anthropologists are now allowed to work on government funded research projects.
E	Anthropologists must learn the culture and/or values of the society/company of the study before conducting the research.

Question 6 Explanation:

According to current guidelines of AAA, SfAA and NAPA, Anthropologists must inform the purpose of the study to the subjects clearly before conducting research.

Question 7

According to the Social Network Analysis (SNA) theory, which of the following statements is correct? (ID-BC2-30)

A	Social networks are almost always localized and do not reach beyond the branch/particular office environment.
B	In betweeners are the least important people in a social network.
C	More centralized networks are highly reliable.
D	Larger the number of "connectors" better the network stability.
E	Social networks are almost always static and governed by their own unique set of rules (like strict sub culture).

Question 8

The idea of business organizations as organisms originated from what school of thought? (ID-BC2-05)

A	Human Relations
B	Scientific Management
C	Capitalism
D	Hawthorne Studies
E	Modern form of management principles came after World War II

Question 9

What is modus operandi and opus operatum? (ID-BC2-23)

A	They are two Latin terms for structured and unstructured interview processes.
B	The first term refer to how a task looks while and individual working on it while the second term refer to how a task looks when an individual look at the completed task.
C	The first term refer to what consumers say they would do as opposed to the second term which refer to what consumers actually do.
D	The first term describes the data collected by researchers purely on observing an environment while the second term describes the data collection through interaction with the study subjects.
E	The first term refer to how in participant observation, a researcher can influence the subjects (behavior) while the second term describe the result/outcome of such influences.

Question 9 Explanation:

This question is based on textbook reading. Business Anthropology by Ann T. Jordan - Second Edition; Page 26, Chapter 3. ISBN10: 1-57766-827-8 and ISBN 13: 978-7-57766-827-5

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of unobtrusive ethnographic method? (ID-BC2-02)

A	Interview of factory workers in an assembly line.
B	Management taking notes of employee behavior during a major company meeting.
C	Interview of consumers while they shop for clothing.
D	Structured questionnaires for all workers looking for promotions to determine which higher position fit best for each person applied.
E	Analysis of employee behavior from older completed projects data.

Question 11

To obtain best wholesome data set in a participant observation study, which type of questions should be used? (ID-BC2-24)

A	Role playing type of questions
B	Formal type questions
C	Projective type of questions
D	Informal type questions
E	Ethnographic type of questions

Question 12

A 24 year old was admitted to an Alberta hospital for alcohol poisoning. He was unable to give consent to inform his family about his whereabouts. But the medical staff call his parents to inform his condition anyway. How would you describe this situation? (ID-BC2-06)

A	Legal and ethical
B	Illegal and unethical
C	Illegal but ethical
D	Legal but unethical

Question 13

According to Fons Trompenaar’s typology, all of the following are characteristics of the “Incubator” except, (ID-BC2-11)

A	Role oriented
B	Fulfillment is important
C	Individuality is valued
D	Egalitarian
E	Google Inc. is an example

Question 14

According to current American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics, what is the primary ethical obligation of Anthropologists? (ID-BC2-19)

A	To disclose which companies or organizations they work to the general public.
B	To make sure that they do not harm the subjects of the study either during or as a result of the study.
C	To make all research available to the general public and other academics.
D	To avoid misrepresentation of themselves or the collected data.
E	To be honest and transparent with all stakeholders about the nature and intent of the research.

Question 15

The shared beliefs about what is important in a company can be best described as... (ID-BC2-15)

A	cooperate values.
B	corporate strategy.
C	a vision statement.
D	a mission statement.

Question 16

Which of the following statement is correct? (ID-BC2-17)

A	Holocractic organizations discourage individualism.
B	Informal system is almost always explicitly stated.
C	Norms are often act as social controls.
D	Universal rules can be used to address unpredictable issues.
E	Social networks analysis is a type of formal organizational analysis.

Question 17

When would Content Analysis is usually performed? (ID-BC2-21)

A	During a business meeting where a key figure outline the goals of the company.
B	During participant observation studies.
C	When using projective techniques.
D	After an in-depth interview based on the notes (or other records) recoded.
E	During destructive interviews where researchers integrate themselves within the study subjects.

Question 18

When considering the levels of corporate culture, ceremonies and meetings can be best described as... (ID-BC2-08)

A	symbols.
B	artifacts.
C	expressed values.
D	formal organization.
E	behaviors.

Question 19

In most North American companies, the reward systems in majority of companies are set at what level? (ID-BC2-26)

A	Primary level
B	Group level
C	Secondary/upper level
D	Organizational level
E	Individual level

Question 20

The type of technology and the division of labor within an organization can be attributed to what Universal Cultural Component according to Jordan? (ID-BC2-27)

A	Religion and magic
B	Language and communication
C	Political system
D	Economic system
E	Patterns of subsistence

Question 20 Explanation:

This question is based on textbook reading. Business Anthropology by Ann T. Jordan - Second Edition; Page 57, Chapter 3. ISBN10: 1-57766-827-8 and ISBN 13: 978-7-57766-827-5

Question 21

Which of the following is true about norms in a business environment? (ID-BC2-10)

A	They are socially shared standard behaviors.
B	Typical new employee training can be considered as a norm.
C	They act as positive behaviors to promote harmony. Hint: Not always; could result in disruptive behaviors.
D	They promote diversity within workplace. Hint: Sometimes, but not always.
E	They are governed by a set of rules and regulations unique to each company.

Question 22

Marketing research must obtain information that are... (ID-BC2-04)
I. Reliable
II. Timely
III. Regional/Localized
IV. Accurate

A	I , III and IV
B	I , II and III
C	II and IV
D	I , II and IV
E	I and II

Question 23

According to Fons Trompenaar’s typology, which of the following cultures/companies most likely support the Guided Missile version? (ID-BC2-25)

A	German
B	British (UK)
C	Google Inc
D	Japanese
E	French

Question 24

Which of the following is a part of the formal organization of a business? (ID-BC2-16)

A	Expressed norms
B	Job descriptions
C	Expressed values
D	Shared assumptions
E	Symbols and stories

Question 25

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Western Rationalism? (ID-BC2-09)

A	Family focused and power oriented work environment.
B	Hiring based on technical qualifications.
C	Explicit hierarchical system.
D	Clear division of work with specialized workforce.
E	Standardized methods for promotions.

Question 26

Which of the following is not a good reason to use participant observation method? (ID-BC2-03)

A	To uncover their attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and values.
B	To discover what people and compare/contrast with what they say they do.
C	To discover unspoken cultural patterns that influence behavior.
D	To examine how consumers actually use and experience products.
E	To gather data from a large volume of population.

Question 27

What is marketing concept? (ID-BC2-07)

A	It states that to achieve competitive advantage and strong performance, firms should identify and satisfy customer needs and wants better than their competitors.
B	It states that traditional methodologies for data collection serves no purpose in modern day 21st Century businesses.
C	It states that to survive in a competitive market, a good marketing research program must be in place for collecting reliable data accurately and in a timely manner.
D	It states that it is important to evaluate consumer behaviors to properly analyze what the public needs as opposed to what the public wants.
E	It states that research and development should be based on both marketing data and innovation. Ignoring the importance of market research will lead to failures.

Question 28

Which of the following is a characteristic/description of projective techniques? (ID-BC2-22)

A	It is often obstructive because the researchers are embedded within the study group.
B	Observations studies are often fall under the projective techniques.
C	It uses indirect forms of questioning.
D	It is a highly structured form of data gathering.
E	It can identify relationships between individuals explicitly.

Question 29

Which of the following should not be a part of a good vision statement? (ID-BC2-18)

A	It should have a clear direction.
B	It should have achievable goals.
C	It should be about long-term view/plan.
D	It should described a flexible non-specific goal for the company.
E	It should be simple.

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of the holacratic organization system? (ID-BC2-12)

A	Suitable people are often hired based on their personal connections with current company employees.
B	It creates a static cooperate structure for increased productivity.
C	It assigns clear roles for each individual worker.
D	It breeds soiled thinking.
E	It does not allow pathways for collaboration between different departments.

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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Christopher John Holdsworth during Spring 2015.
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Videos from Class

The World’s first Sensor Perforated Paper Towel Dispenser

The Batter Blaster Demo Video

Magic Poop Collector

ASHPOOPIE

The Fourth Factor: Managing Corporate Culture

Corporate Culture: How does it really work?

Improve Efficiency, Effectiveness and Innovation with Social Network Analysis

Dr. Fons Tropenaars Videos

Resolving Culture Conflicts In Corporate Acquisitions

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