Anthropology 303 – Business In Cultural Context

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Anthropology 303 (ANTH 303-UCAL) Midterm II

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Question 1

A 24 year old was admitted to an Alberta hospital for alcohol poisoning. He was unable to give consent to inform his family about his whereabouts. But the medical staff call his parents to inform his condition anyway. How would you describe this situation? (ID-BC2-06)

A	Illegal and unethical
B	Illegal but ethical
C	Legal but unethical
D	Legal and ethical

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic of the holacratic organization system? (ID-BC2-12)

A	It does not allow pathways for collaboration between different departments.
B	Suitable people are often hired based on their personal connections with current company employees.
C	It breeds soiled thinking.
D	It creates a static cooperate structure for increased productivity.
E	It assigns clear roles for each individual worker.

Question 3

In most North American companies, the reward systems in majority of companies are set at what level? (ID-BC2-26)

A	Secondary/upper level
B	Individual level
C	Group level
D	Organizational level
E	Primary level

Question 4

Which of the following can be considered as cultural knowledge? (ID-BC2-20)

A	The lighting intensity of a store.
B	Relationship between two or more people.
C	Type of background music in a bank.
D	Your position and the job description in a company.
E	Lining up at a cashier for payment for items.

Question 5

Which of the following is a part of the formal organization of a business? (ID-BC2-16)

A	Shared assumptions
B	Expressed values
C	Expressed norms
D	Symbols and stories
E	Job descriptions

Question 6

According to Fons Trompenaar’s typology, all of the following are characteristics of the “Incubator” except, (ID-BC2-11)

A	Fulfillment is important
B	Google Inc. is an example
C	Individuality is valued
D	Role oriented
E	Egalitarian

Question 7

According to the Social Network Analysis (SNA) theory, which of the following statements is correct? (ID-BC2-30)

A	Social networks are almost always localized and do not reach beyond the branch/particular office environment.
B	More centralized networks are highly reliable.
C	Social networks are almost always static and governed by their own unique set of rules (like strict sub culture).
D	Larger the number of "connectors" better the network stability.
E	In betweeners are the least important people in a social network.

Question 8

According to Fons Trompenaar’s typology, which of the following cultures/companies most likely support the Guided Missile version? (ID-BC2-25)

A	Japanese
B	Google Inc
C	French
D	British (UK)
E	German

Question 9

When considering the levels of corporate culture, ceremonies and meetings can be best described as... (ID-BC2-08)

A	expressed values.
B	formal organization.
C	behaviors.
D	artifacts.
E	symbols.

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic/description of projective techniques? (ID-BC2-22)

A	Observations studies are often fall under the projective techniques.
B	It is a highly structured form of data gathering.
C	It uses indirect forms of questioning.
D	It can identify relationships between individuals explicitly.
E	It is often obstructive because the researchers are embedded within the study group.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Western Rationalism? (ID-BC2-09)

A	Clear division of work with specialized workforce.
B	Hiring based on technical qualifications.
C	Explicit hierarchical system.
D	Family focused and power oriented work environment.
E	Standardized methods for promotions.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of unobtrusive ethnographic method? (ID-BC2-02)

A	Management taking notes of employee behavior during a major company meeting.
B	Structured questionnaires for all workers looking for promotions to determine which higher position fit best for each person applied.
C	Analysis of employee behavior from older completed projects data.
D	Interview of factory workers in an assembly line.
E	Interview of consumers while they shop for clothing.

Question 13

To obtain best wholesome data set in a participant observation study, which type of questions should be used? (ID-BC2-24)

A	Projective type of questions
B	Formal type questions
C	Role playing type of questions
D	Informal type questions
E	Ethnographic type of questions

Question 14

Which of the following is false about the current ethical codes followed by Professional Anthropologists? (ID-BC2-28)

A	Anthropologists can obtain data without informing the subjects as long as the data are not used against the subjects in the study.
B	Anthropologists should always think through their studies before the data being collected.
C	Anthropologists must learn the culture and/or values of the society/company of the study before conducting the research.
D	Anthropologists can work in studies where the data and analysis will not be published on public domain.
E	Anthropologists are now allowed to work on government funded research projects.

Question 14 Explanation:

According to current guidelines of AAA, SfAA and NAPA, Anthropologists must inform the purpose of the study to the subjects clearly before conducting research.

Question 15

Under the social network analysis, which of the following person most likely the most important to a company? (ID-BC2-14)

A	Branch managers and/or divisional supervisors.
B	Lowest level employees that have the direct contact with customers.
C	Individuals with most personal and official connections to others.
D	CEOs and Board of Directors
E	Middle level employees such as engineers and production managers.

Question 16

The idea of business organizations as organisms originated from what school of thought? (ID-BC2-05)

A	Hawthorne Studies
B	Scientific Management
C	Human Relations
D	Modern form of management principles came after World War II
E	Capitalism

Question 17

When would Content Analysis is usually performed? (ID-BC2-21)

A	During participant observation studies.
B	During destructive interviews where researchers integrate themselves within the study subjects.
C	When using projective techniques.
D	After an in-depth interview based on the notes (or other records) recoded.
E	During a business meeting where a key figure outline the goals of the company.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a good reason to use participant observation method? (ID-BC2-03)

A	To discover unspoken cultural patterns that influence behavior.
B	To uncover their attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and values.
C	To examine how consumers actually use and experience products.
D	To discover what people and compare/contrast with what they say they do.
E	To gather data from a large volume of population.

Question 19

Which of the following should not be a part of a good vision statement? (ID-BC2-18)

A	It should be about long-term view/plan.
B	It should have achievable goals.
C	It should be simple.
D	It should described a flexible non-specific goal for the company.
E	It should have a clear direction.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about norms in a business environment? (ID-BC2-10)

A	They are socially shared standard behaviors.
B	They act as positive behaviors to promote harmony. Hint: Not always; could result in disruptive behaviors.
C	They promote diversity within workplace. Hint: Sometimes, but not always.
D	Typical new employee training can be considered as a norm.
E	They are governed by a set of rules and regulations unique to each company.

Question 21

Please answer the following question according to the Social Network Analysis. (ID-BC2-29)
__I__ type of person has the most amount of information but __II__ type of person plays a "broker" role and can significantly influence information flow in a Social Network.

A	I. Connector II. boundary spanner
B	I. Boundary spanner II. betweener
C	I. Connector II. betweener
D	I. Betweener II. connector
E	I. Boundary spanner II. connector

Question 22

What is marketing concept? (ID-BC2-07)

A	It states that to survive in a competitive market, a good marketing research program must be in place for collecting reliable data accurately and in a timely manner.
B	It states that it is important to evaluate consumer behaviors to properly analyze what the public needs as opposed to what the public wants.
C	It states that to achieve competitive advantage and strong performance, firms should identify and satisfy customer needs and wants better than their competitors.
D	It states that research and development should be based on both marketing data and innovation. Ignoring the importance of market research will lead to failures.
E	It states that traditional methodologies for data collection serves no purpose in modern day 21st Century businesses.

Question 23

What is degree centrality in social network analysis? (ID-BC2-13)

A	Measure of power sharing in a company or a government institution.
B	Specialization of social sub groups within a company.
C	Higher centrality means the company is controlled through a structured hierarchical system.
D	Measure of control which a company officials have over their divisions and branches.
E	Number of connections an individual has with others.

Question 24

The type of technology and the division of labor within an organization can be attributed to what Universal Cultural Component according to Jordan? (ID-BC2-27)

A	Religion and magic
B	Political system
C	Language and communication
D	Patterns of subsistence
E	Economic system

Question 24 Explanation:

This question is based on textbook reading. Business Anthropology by Ann T. Jordan - Second Edition; Page 57, Chapter 3. ISBN10: 1-57766-827-8 and ISBN 13: 978-7-57766-827-5

Question 25

Marketing research must obtain information that are... (ID-BC2-04)
I. Reliable
II. Timely
III. Regional/Localized
IV. Accurate

A	I , III and IV
B	I and II
C	I , II and III
D	I , II and IV
E	II and IV

Question 26

What is modus operandi and opus operatum? (ID-BC2-23)

A	The first term refer to what consumers say they would do as opposed to the second term which refer to what consumers actually do.
B	The first term refer to how in participant observation, a researcher can influence the subjects (behavior) while the second term describe the result/outcome of such influences.
C	The first term refer to how a task looks while and individual working on it while the second term refer to how a task looks when an individual look at the completed task.
D	The first term describes the data collected by researchers purely on observing an environment while the second term describes the data collection through interaction with the study subjects.
E	They are two Latin terms for structured and unstructured interview processes.

Question 26 Explanation:

This question is based on textbook reading. Business Anthropology by Ann T. Jordan - Second Edition; Page 26, Chapter 3. ISBN10: 1-57766-827-8 and ISBN 13: 978-7-57766-827-5

Question 27

The shared beliefs about what is important in a company can be best described as... (ID-BC2-15)

A	cooperate values.
B	a vision statement.
C	corporate strategy.
D	a mission statement.

Question 28

What is the primary problem associated with traditional market research methods? (ID-BC2-01)

A	They are often limited to a small demographic region.
B	They are based on surveys and cannot be used to answer the question why consumers use/buy products.
C	They have no standard controls to analyze the studies. In other wards, no baseline to compare data and results.
D	They are often under funded hence the research variables are limited.
E	They are designed to question if the consumer will use a product or service in the future. Hence the past activities are not taken into account.

Question 29

According to current American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics, what is the primary ethical obligation of Anthropologists? (ID-BC2-19)

A	To make all research available to the general public and other academics.
B	To disclose which companies or organizations they work to the general public.
C	To be honest and transparent with all stakeholders about the nature and intent of the research.
D	To avoid misrepresentation of themselves or the collected data.
E	To make sure that they do not harm the subjects of the study either during or as a result of the study.

Question 30

Which of the following statement is correct? (ID-BC2-17)

A	Informal system is almost always explicitly stated.
B	Holocractic organizations discourage individualism.
C	Universal rules can be used to address unpredictable issues.
D	Social networks analysis is a type of formal organizational analysis.
E	Norms are often act as social controls.

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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Christopher John Holdsworth during Spring 2015.
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Videos from Class

The World’s first Sensor Perforated Paper Towel Dispenser

The Batter Blaster Demo Video

Magic Poop Collector

ASHPOOPIE

The Fourth Factor: Managing Corporate Culture

Corporate Culture: How does it really work?

Improve Efficiency, Effectiveness and Innovation with Social Network Analysis

Dr. Fons Tropenaars Videos

Resolving Culture Conflicts In Corporate Acquisitions

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Standing on the shoulders of giants