Geophysics 375 – Natural Disasters and Critical Earth Phenomena

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Geophysics 375 (GOPH 375) Midterm II

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Question 1

Most common mineral or geologic material that is associated with slope failures is... (ID-NDM2-18)

A	granite.
B	clay.
C	sandstone.
D	shale.
E	quartz.

Question 2

Water has a ____ hence it takes ____ energy to heats up water. Answers are in respective order. (ID-NDM2-14)

A	lower , more
B	higher , more
C	higher , less
D	lower , less

Question 3

Which of the following greenhouse gases accounts for 60% of global warming? (ID-NDM2-11)

A	Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
B	Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
C	Methane (CH4)
D	Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC's)
E	Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Question 4

Adiabatic cooling of rising air results in a ______ per kilometer decrease in temperature. (ID-NDM2-04)

A	20 degree Celsius
B	5 degree Celsius
C	25 degree Celsius
D	10 degree Celsius
E	15 degree Celsius

Question 5

Which of the following greenhouse gases has the highest global warming potential compared to CO₂? (ID-NDM2-02)

A	Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
B	Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC's)
C	Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
D	Methane (CH4)
E	Ozone (O3)

Question 6

During a strong El Nino event which of the following is unlikely to occur? (ID-NDM2-10)

A	None of the listed items are likely to occur.
B	Drought in Australia
C	Fewer hurricanes along the Atlantic coast
D	Strengthening of the trade winds

Question 7

What is the primary source of energy for severe weather such as thunderstorms? (ID-NDM2-12)

A	Absorption of heat due to melting
B	All of the listed answers are correct.
C	Release of latent heat due to evaporation
D	None of the answers are correct.
E	Release of latent heat due to condensation
F	Strong winds

Question 8

The effects of drought in Canada are felt mostly in... (ID-NDM2-08)

A	Manitoba and Ontario
B	Saskatchewan and Alberta
C	Alberta and British Columbia
D	Saskatchewan and Manitoba

Question 9

The stability of a hillslope is improved by... (ID-NDM2-09)

A	dissolving the cement between soil or rock grains.
B	increasing pore water pressure.
C	steepening the slope.
D	removing support from the base.
E	decreasing the weight of hillslope materials.

Question 10

What is the mechanism that drives creep? (ID-NDM2-07)

A	All of the answers are correct.
B	Freezing and thawing of the surface
C	Heating and cooling of the surface
D	Wetting and drying of the surface

Question 11

Design mistakes, which increase your house vulnerability to fire, include which of the following? (ID-NDM2-01)

A	Locating your house on a slope
B	All of these are correct.
C	Allowing tree limbs to hang over the roof
D	Having a roof made of flammable wood shingles
E	Constructing your house of wood

Question 12

If you spray water into a fire, it will help prevent the spread of fire or extinguish it because water will... (ID-NDM2-17)

A	introduce hydrogen and takes away oxygen from the fire.
B	reduce the access to oxygen needed to sustain fire.
C	reduce the heat.
D	add hydrogen to the fire causing chemical imbalance.
E	act as a barrier between the fire and other materials by creating a chemical screen.

Question 13

Where in Canada would you expect to have the most impact due to droughts? (ID-NDM2-15)

A	Saskatchewan and Manitoba
B	Manitoba and Ontario
C	Alberta and British Columbia
D	Saskatchewan and Alberta

Question 14

Much of the mid-latitude severe weather in the Northern Hemisphere occurs via cyclones: air masses rotating... (ID-NDM2-06)

A	clockwise about a low-pressure core.
B	counter-clockwise about a low-pressure core.
C	clockwise about a high-pressure core.
D	counter-clockwise about a high-pressure core.

Question 15

How would you increase the stability of a hillslope? (ID-NDM2-16)

A	By reducing the friction between different sedimentary layers.
B	By increasing the steepness of the slope.
C	By increasing the pore pressure of the hillslope.
D	By decreasing the weight of sediments.
E	By adding fractures perpendicular to the slope.

Question 16

The fire triangle features all but which of the following components? (ID-NDM2-05)

A	heat
B	oxygen
C	fuel
D	ignition

Question 17

Mass movement of geologic mater occurs when gravity overpowers friction. (ID-NDM2-13)

A	False
B	True

Question 18

The main destructive actions of tornadoes include all but which of the following? (ID-NDM2-03)

A	A strong high-pressure zone in the center blows buildings apart.
B	High-wind speeds blow away buildings and trees.
C	Flying debris acts like bullets or shrapnel killing people.
D	Debris picked up by the winds smash into buildings and trees damage or destroying them.

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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by my friends during Fall Fall 2015.
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Sanuja Senanayake

Geophysics 375 Midterm II-University of Calgary

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Geophysics 375 (GOPH 375) Midterm II

Standing on the shoulders of giants

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Geophysics 375 (GOPH 375) Midterm II

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Standing on the shoulders of giants