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Geology (GLGY 401-UCAL) Final Exam

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Question 1

Flow divides in groundwater flow systems are always situated in topographic highs (i.e., upland areas). (ID-PHF-04)

A	False
B	True

Question 2

The Theis solution can be used to solve problems regardless of the pumping rate of the test well. (ID-PHF-27)

A	True
B	False

Question 2 Explanation:

The pumping rate must be constant.

Question 3

When utilizing Theis solution, hydrologists assume that all of the water pumped comes from storage and/or recharge and the aquifer is homogeneous. (ID-PHF-26)

A	True
B	False

Question 4

Sorption can be defined as a chemical process. (ID-PHF-15)

A	True
B	False

Question 4 Explanation:

It is a Physical or Mechanical process. No amount of material is removed from the medium.

Question 5

Cooper and Jacob used the Theis solution to approximate the transmissivity and storativity. It is best used in confined aquifers with very small values for the radius of influence over a very long period of time. (ID-PHF-28)

A	True
B	False

Question 6

There is no sorption of contaminants during transport, if the _____ is equal to zero. (ID-PHF-32)

A	distribution coefficient
B	retardation factor
C	dispersion coefficient
D	transverse dispersivity
E	longitudinal dispersivity

Question 7

The greater the groundwater flow velocity, the greater the longitudinal dispersivity. (ID-PHF-03)

A	True
B	False

Question 7 Explanation:

Dispersivity is independent of the velocity because it is a function of the medium. Dispersion however is effected by the velocity.

Question 8

Specific discharge is the volumetric discharge per unit area of porous medium perpendicular to the direction of groundwater flow. (ID-PHF-01)

A	False
B	True

Question 9

Following gravity drainage of water from a given soil, residual water will tend to occupy the smallest pores in the soil. (ID-PHF-05)

A	True
B	False

Question 10

The water level in a piezometer whose intake is located in the capillary fringe will rise to the height of the top of the capillary fringe. (ID-PHF-07)

A	False
B	True

Question 11

The Thiemequation can be used to estimate the steady state drawdown in a confined aquifer during long-term pumping. (ID-PHF-08)

A	True
B	False

Question 12

The hydraulic gradient is the hydraulic head difference between any two points in a groundwater flow system divided by the distance between those same two points. (ID-PHF-13)

A	True
B	False

Question 12 Explanation:

Must be in the direction of the flow NOT any random two points.

Question 13

The most active region of the subsurface in terms of chemical, biological and hydrologic activity can be defined as Vadose Zone. (ID-PHF-22)

A	True
B	False

Question 14

The major control on land subsidence during groundwater pumping is the vertical compressibility of aquifer and aquitard materials. (ID-PHF-24)

A	True
B	False

Question 15

In most groundwater basins, recharge is greater than discharge on an annual basis. (ID-PHF-02)

A	False
B	True

Question 16

Waste lagoons, septic systems, mine tailing and radioactive waste injection sites can be considered as point sources. (ID-PHF-21)

A	False
B	True

Question 17

A flow net for a homogeneous, isotropic system is dependent on the boundary conditions and the hydraulic conductivity of the porous medium. (ID-PHF-06)

A	True
B	False

Question 18

The storativityof an unconfined aquifer is essentially equal to the specific yield. (ID-PHF-14)

A	False
B	True

Question 19

A small scale radioactive spill can be considered as an instantaneous injection of pollutants to groundwater system. (ID-PHF-19)

A	True
B	False

Question 19 Explanation:

Anything radioactive is usually considered as continuous spill due to the fact that it takes years to decompose.

Question 20

When can you represent the water table as a flow line on a cross-sectional flow net diagram? (ID-PHF-30)

A	If the hydraulic head equals to the elevation head.
B	If all other boundaries are impermeable.
C	If there is no groundwater recharge across the water table.
D	If the flow system is at a steady state.
E	If the flow system is homogeneous and isotropic.

Question 21

In a solute progression along a column experiment, the zone of spreading is at the front of the fully concentrated zone most of the time. (ID-PHF-17)

A	True
B	False

Question 22

What is the major control on land subsidence during groundwater pumping? (ID-PHF-31)

A	Increase in pore water pressure within the aquifer.
B	Compaction of the solid grains and enlargement of the void spaces.
C	Rate or probability of developing sinkholes.
D	Vertical compressibility of aquifer and aquitard materials.
E	Inelastic response of the naturally porous media.

Question 23

Growndwater flow velocities are always lower than that of the regional water flow (on ground) water velocities. (ID-PHF-20)

A	True
B	False

Question 23 Explanation:

Could be either way... In a arid environment the gw flow could be faster than the general landwater flows.

Question 24

The tortuosity empirical coefficient, ω is always less than 1. (ID-PHF-18)

A	True
B	False

Question 25

Given the following diagram and information, calculate K_Z for the vertical flow. (ID-PHF-29)

Refer to above diagram of geologic layers. Layers are labeled as A, B, C, D and E. Assume the flow of water is from top to bottom and the hydraulic head is above the layer A.

Layers A
K = 10^-3 m/s and b = 0.7
Layers B
K = 10^-6 m/s and b = 0.3
Layers C
K = 10^-3 m/s and b = 0.8
Layers D
K = 10^-6 m/s and b = 0.2
Layers E
K = 10^-4 m/s and b = 1.0

A	K_Z = 6 x 10^-4 m/s
B	K_Z = 4 x 10^-4 m/s
C	K_Z = 6 x 10^-6 m/s
D	K_Z = 4 x 10^-6 m/s

Question 26

The increase in concentration of pollutant in groundwater is proportional to the the sorption rate. (ID-PHF-16)

A	False
B	True

Question 27

Lower sorption will result in increased in retardation factor. (ID-PHF-23)

A	False
B	True

Question 28

The diffusive flux of a dissolved solute in free-solution (i.e., water) is greater than the diffusive flux in a saturated porous medium. (ID-PHF-09)

A	True
B	False

Question 29

The hydraulic head distribution in a homogeneous, isotropic system is dependent on the boundary conditions and the hydraulic conductivity of the porous medium. (ID-PHF-12)

A	False
B	True

Question 29 Explanation:

This part is wrong... and the hydraulic conductivity of the porous medium

Question 30

Slug tests provide a reliable estimate of both hydraulic conductivity, K, and specific storage, S_s. (ID-PHF-10)

A	True
B	False

Question 31

Kinetic and pressure potential are two important components of groundwater hydraulic potential. (ID-PHF-11)

A	False
B	True

Question 32

When drawing a cross-sectional flow net, the water table can be represented as a flowline when all boundaries are impermeable (no flow) boundaries. (ID-PHF-25)

A	True
B	False

Question 32 Explanation:

This is true if there is no groundwater recharge across the water table.

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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Edwin Cey during Fall 2013.
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Sanuja Senanayake

Geology 401 Final Exam-University of Calgary

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Geology (GLGY 401-UCAL) Final Exam

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Geology (GLGY 401-UCAL) Final Exam

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Standing on the shoulders of giants