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Geology (GLGY 381-UCAL) Final Exam
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Question 1 |
A | They drive the forces needed for delta formation. |
B | They only occurred in the per-Cambrian and no longer observed in modern day environments. |
C | They are typically associated with low density sediment loads. |
D | They often result in turbidites deposition. |
E | They carry sediments on top of sea waters for a long distances out into the ocean before settling to the bottom. |
Question 2 |
A | They are the same; therefore the question is wrong. |
B | The first term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline. |
C | The first term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline. |
D | The first term is used in depositional descriptions and the second term is used in fluvial descriptions. |
Question 3 |
A | abyssal plains.. |
B | disconformities. |
C | basins. |
D | paraconformities. |
Question 4 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 5 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 6 |
A | Sediment influx will be significantly decreased as deposited sediments within the accommodation space is used up to produce new oceanic crust. |
B | Sediment influx will be significantly increased as continental crust is pushed further upwards resulting greater erosion. |
C | Global sea level will be increase as the new oceanic crust takes up space in basins. |
D | Active spreading ridges would have no impact on either sediment influx or global sea levels because this activity will be balanced through subduction. |
E | Global sea level will be decrease as new oceanic crust is formed due to spreading. |
Question 7 |
What type of collision can occur at the area marked with N? (ID-SSF-38)
A | Ocean-Ocean Collision |
B | Passive Margin Collision |
C | Active Margin Collision |
D | Continent-Continent Collision |
E | Continent-Ocean Collision |
Question 8 |
A | True |
B | False because it can only preserve up to about half a million years. |
C | False because it can preserve only up to few thousands of years because tidal currents disturb the depositional process. |
Question 9 |
A | forced regression |
B | regression and transgression |
C | transgression |
D | regression |
E | regression and forced regression |
Question 10 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 11 |
A | Gravel dominated deposits |
B | Extremely high subsidence |
C | Mud and silt dominated deposits |
D | Extremely low subsidence |
E | Sand dominated deposits |
Question 12 |
A | Topset |
B | Foreset |
C | Distalset |
D | Bottomset |
Question 13 |
What letter on the following cartoon represent the toplap-downlap sequence? (yes, it is a two different things, so watch out!) (ID-SSF-44)
A | A and B |
B | B and C |
C | C |
D | A |
E | B |
F | A and C |
Question 14 |
A | Dominant sandy deposits at the base |
B | Dominant muddy deposits in distal regions |
C | Coarsening upward |
D | Fining upward |
Question 15 |
A | A. Lowstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
B | A. Highstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
C | A. Rising inflection point (RIP)
B. highstand |
D | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
E | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
Question 16 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 5 |
B | 4 |
C | 6 |
D | 3 |
E | 7 |
Question 17 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 2 |
B | 1 |
C | 5 |
D | 4 |
E | 3 |
Question 18 |
A | Long term variations in the rate of sea floor spreading and subduction which result in global sea-level changes. |
B | Long term variations in global temperatures that is caused by natural cycles of the Sun. |
C | Long term variations in the volume of glaciers which result in global sea level changes. |
D | Long term variation in atmospheric conditions which results in global changes in sedimentary processes. |
E | Long term variations in the orbit of the Earth which result in changes in climate. |
Question 19 |
A | continental boundary. |
B | the basin. |
C | the mid ocean ridge. |
D | continental shelf. |
E | oceanic shelf. |
Question 20 |
A | Clastic deposits |
B | Muddy deposits |
C | Coastal plain deposits |
D | Sandy deposits |
Question 21 |
A | toplap |
B | onlap |
C | downlap |
D | erosional surface |
Question 22 |
A | transgredation |
B | aggradation |
C | progradation |
D | retogradation |
Question 23 |
A | more denser |
B | more basaltic |
C | more granitic |
D | more mafic |
Question 24 |
A | active margins. |
B | margins with high slope basements. |
C | volcanic regions. |
D | passive margins. |
Question 25 |
A | The force of the load due to gravity must be large enough to overcome the forces within the crust resulting flexure. |
B | The pressure on both sides of the continental or oceanic boundaries must be at equilibrium. |
C | The forces within the crust should exceed the forced applied on the crust by the load resulting flexure. |
D | I have no clue what the hell you are talking about. I hate applied principles of geology. Hint: Since you have pick this one, I suggest that you click and open the renaming choices just to read what it was.....? |
Question 26 |
A | The line between the lateral contact of two sets of widely different strata. |
B | A discontinuity in the age of strata due to lack of deposition. |
C | A sudden increase of deposition in a specific window of geologic time. |
D | An unexplained nonconformity. |
Question 27 |
What type of collision occur at the area marked with F? (ID-SSF-39)
A | Subduction Complex |
B | Trench |
C | Magmatic Arc |
D | Rifted Margin Prism |
E | Interarc Basin |
Question 28 |
A | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. coarsening upwards |
B | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
C | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. coarsening upwards |
D | I. coarsening upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
E | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. fining upwards |
Question 29 |
A | Decrease in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
B | Increase in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
C | Increase in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
D | Increase in relative sea level and increase in subsidence the same time. |
E | Decrease in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
Question 30 |
The Magmatic Arc is represented by... (choose from red letters) (ID-SSF-42)
A | A |
B | C |
C | B |
D | D |
E | E |
Question 31 |
A | A. decreases B. increases |
B | A. decreases B. decreases |
C | A. increases B. increases |
D | A. increases B. decreases |
Question 32 |
A | suckdeep |
B | wedgetop |
C | foredeep |
D | backbulge |
E | forebulge |
Question 33 |
A | a hiatus. |
B | a conformity. |
C | angular unconformity. |
D | disconformity |
E | paraconformity |
Question 34 |
A | analytical |
B | spatial |
C | practical |
D | theoretical |
E | temporal |
Question 35 |
A | continental volcanoes |
B | transform faulting |
C | hot spots |
D | sea-floor spreading and mid-ocean ridges |
E | subduction and trenches |
Question 36 |
A | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
B | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
C | clockwise direction. |
D | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
Question 37 |
A | formations |
B | members |
C | supergroups |
D | beds |
E | groups |
Question 38 |
A | wedgetop |
B | channel |
C | foredeep |
D | basin |
E | forebulge |
F | foreland |
G | backbuldge |
Question 39 |
A | lowstand |
B | sudden increase in regional sed load. |
C | highstand |
D | rise in sea level |
E | sudden decrease in regional sed load. |
Question 40 |
A | Wave-dominated deltas |
B | Tide-dominated deltas |
C | None of the answers are correct |
D | Fan deltas |
Question 41 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 4 |
B | 7 |
C | 2 |
D | 3 |
E | 1 |
Question 42 |
A | No |
B | Yes |
Question 43 |
A | on the basin floor fan. |
B | near paraconformities |
C | near nonconformities |
D | on the volcanic arc |
E | near mid ocean ridges(MOR) |
Question 44 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 5 |
B | 2 |
C | 3 |
D | 1 |
E | 4 |
Question 45 |
A | Accommodation space always will be deceased significantly. |
B | Sediments will be mostly filled in the continental shelf with very little to no sed deposition on the basin. |
C | Sediments will be mostly filled in the basin bypassing the deposition process on the continental shelf. |
D | Accommodation space will be moved towards the shoreline. |
Question 46 |
A | foredeep |
B | wedgetop |
C | backbulge |
D | forebulge |
Question 47 |
A | Warm and wet seasons |
B | Lowstand |
C | Highstand |
D | Retrogradation |
Question 48 |
A | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
B | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
C | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
D | clockwise direction. |
Question 49 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 50 |
A | Velocity of rivers |
B | Tectonics such as subsidence and uplift |
C | Climate and weather |
D | None of the answers are correct. |
E | Sediment load |
Question 51 |
A | A. Oscillating B. Non-oscillating |
B | A. high B. low |
C | A. Non-oscillating B. Oscillating |
D | A. low B. high |
Question 52 |
A | Discharge, subsidence and accommodation are associated with hinterland and subsidence is associated with basin. |
B | Discharge and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
C | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and slope is associated with basin. |
D | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and subsidence are associated with basin. |
E | Discharge, relief and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
Question 53 |
A | Retogradational |
B | Aggradational |
C | Progradational |
D | Transgressional |
Question 54 |
A | When dealing with areas that is difficult to access. |
B | When analyzing fossils and chemical composition (carbon) to date formations. |
C | When analyzing data collected in a small region. |
D | When analyzing data collected from a large region. |
Question 55 |
If you were to indicate the boundary between the Indian-Asian crust, where would it be (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-40)
A | F |
B | A |
C | D |
D | B |
E | L |
Question 56 |
A | Third-order |
B | It is based on the type of tectonic and basinal setting. |
C | First-order |
D | Second-order |
Question 57 |
A | Disconformity |
B | Nonconformity |
C | Paraconformity |
D | Angular unconformity |
E | Hiatus |
Question 58 |
A | Rising sea level |
B | Progradation |
C | Increase in accommodation space |
D | Transgression |
E | Regression Hint: Close, but this is not the right term! |
Question 59 |
A | Flase |
B | True |
Question 60 |
A | coral reef zone. |
B | active zone. |
C | passive zone. |
D | photic zone. |
Question 61 |
A | Forced regression |
B | Transgression |
C | Rate of chemical weathering |
D | Regression |
E | Global tectonics |
Question 62 |
A | Relative base level |
B | Eustasy |
C | Global tectonics |
D | Rate of chemical weathering |
E | Rifting mechanisms |
Question 63 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 64 |
A | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
B | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
C | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
D | None of the answers listed here are correct. |
E | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
Question 65 |
A | At first terrigenous clastic supply will rapidly increase the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will create chemical barriers reducing carbonate productivity. |
B | At first it will rapidly decrease the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will increase the carbonate productivity as terrigenous clastic supply will introduce essential chemical components to the system. |
C | There is no effect because the carbonate productivity is independent of terrigenous clastic supply. |
D | Increased terrigenous clastic supply reduces carbonate productivity. |
Question 66 |
A | storm surge. |
B | torpedo rise. |
C | super surge. |
D | super elevation. Hint: READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY. |
Question 67 |
A | inner the inner shelf |
B | near the shore line |
C | near the wave base |
D | near the mid ocean ridge |
Question 68 |
In which area would you expect to find the passive margin (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-41)
A | P |
B | N |
C | H |
D | R |
E | T |
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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Melissa Giovanni during Fall 2012.
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