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Geology (GLGY 381-UCAL) Final Exam
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Question 1 |
A | The first term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline. |
B | They are the same; therefore the question is wrong. |
C | The first term is used in depositional descriptions and the second term is used in fluvial descriptions. |
D | The first term describes the seawards movement of the shoreline and the second term describes the landwards movement of the shoreline. |
Question 2 |
What letter on the following cartoon represent the toplap-downlap sequence? (yes, it is a two different things, so watch out!) (ID-SSF-44)
A | B and C |
B | A and B |
C | A and C |
D | B |
E | C |
F | A |
Question 3 |
A | paraconformities. |
B | abyssal plains.. |
C | basins. |
D | disconformities. |
Question 4 |
A | No |
B | Yes |
Question 5 |
A | members |
B | supergroups |
C | beds |
D | formations |
E | groups |
Question 6 |
A | A. Rising inflection point (RIP)
B. highstand |
B | A. Lowstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
C | A. Highstand
B. falling inflection point (FIP) |
D | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
E | A. Highstand
B. rising inflection point (RIP) |
Question 7 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 2 |
B | 3 |
C | 5 |
D | 1 |
E | 4 |
Question 8 |
A | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. fining upwards |
B | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. coarsening upwards |
C | I. fining upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
D | I. fining upwards II. coarsening upwards III. coarsening upwards |
E | I. coarsening upwards II. fining upwards III. fining upwards |
Question 9 |
A | near the mid ocean ridge |
B | near the shore line |
C | inner the inner shelf |
D | near the wave base |
Question 10 |
A | When analyzing data collected from a large region. |
B | When analyzing data collected in a small region. |
C | When analyzing fossils and chemical composition (carbon) to date formations. |
D | When dealing with areas that is difficult to access. |
Question 11 |
A | disconformity |
B | a hiatus. |
C | a conformity. |
D | paraconformity |
E | angular unconformity. |
Question 12 |
A | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
B | clockwise direction. |
C | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
D | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
Question 13 |
A | Long term variation in atmospheric conditions which results in global changes in sedimentary processes. |
B | Long term variations in the volume of glaciers which result in global sea level changes. |
C | Long term variations in the orbit of the Earth which result in changes in climate. |
D | Long term variations in global temperatures that is caused by natural cycles of the Sun. |
E | Long term variations in the rate of sea floor spreading and subduction which result in global sea-level changes. |
Question 14 |
A | Extremely high subsidence |
B | Mud and silt dominated deposits |
C | Sand dominated deposits |
D | Gravel dominated deposits |
E | Extremely low subsidence |
Question 15 |
A | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and subsidence are associated with basin. |
B | Discharge and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
C | Discharge, subsidence and accommodation are associated with hinterland and subsidence is associated with basin. |
D | Discharge, relief and subsidence are associated with hinterland and accommodation is associated with basin. |
E | Discharge and relief are associated with hinterland and accommodation and slope is associated with basin. |
Question 16 |
What type of collision occur at the area marked with F? (ID-SSF-39)
A | Trench |
B | Rifted Margin Prism |
C | Magmatic Arc |
D | Interarc Basin |
E | Subduction Complex |
Question 17 |
A | volcanic regions. |
B | passive margins. |
C | active margins. |
D | margins with high slope basements. |
Question 18 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 19 |
A | Rifting mechanisms |
B | Global tectonics |
C | Relative base level |
D | Rate of chemical weathering |
E | Eustasy |
Question 20 |
A | the mid ocean ridge. |
B | the basin. |
C | oceanic shelf. |
D | continental boundary. |
E | continental shelf. |
Question 21 |
The Magmatic Arc is represented by... (choose from red letters) (ID-SSF-42)
A | E |
B | D |
C | A |
D | B |
E | C |
Question 22 |
A | I have no clue what the hell you are talking about. I hate applied principles of geology. Hint: Since you have pick this one, I suggest that you click and open the renaming choices just to read what it was.....? |
B | The pressure on both sides of the continental or oceanic boundaries must be at equilibrium. |
C | The forces within the crust should exceed the forced applied on the crust by the load resulting flexure. |
D | The force of the load due to gravity must be large enough to overcome the forces within the crust resulting flexure. |
Question 23 |
A | foredeep |
B | channel |
C | backbuldge |
D | wedgetop |
E | forebulge |
F | basin |
G | foreland |
Question 24 |
A | highstand |
B | rise in sea level |
C | sudden increase in regional sed load. |
D | sudden decrease in regional sed load. |
E | lowstand |
Question 25 |
A | A. low B. high |
B | A. high B. low |
C | A. Oscillating B. Non-oscillating |
D | A. Non-oscillating B. Oscillating |
Question 26 |
A | super elevation. Hint: READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY. |
B | torpedo rise. |
C | super surge. |
D | storm surge. |
Question 27 |
A | Fining upward |
B | Dominant muddy deposits in distal regions |
C | Dominant sandy deposits at the base |
D | Coarsening upward |
Question 28 |
A | Flase |
B | True |
Question 29 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 4 |
B | 3 |
C | 7 |
D | 6 |
E | 5 |
Question 30 |
A | False because it can only preserve up to about half a million years. |
B | True |
C | False because it can preserve only up to few thousands of years because tidal currents disturb the depositional process. |
Question 31 |
A | Progradational |
B | Transgressional |
C | Retogradational |
D | Aggradational |
Question 32 |
In which area would you expect to find the passive margin (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-41)
A | N |
B | R |
C | T |
D | H |
E | P |
Question 33 |
A | Warm and wet seasons |
B | Lowstand |
C | Retrogradation |
D | Highstand |
Question 34 |
A | Transgression |
B | Rate of chemical weathering |
C | Regression |
D | Global tectonics |
E | Forced regression |
Question 35 |
A | None of the answers are correct. |
B | Sediment load |
C | Velocity of rivers |
D | Tectonics such as subsidence and uplift |
E | Climate and weather |
Question 36 |
What type of collision can occur at the area marked with N? (ID-SSF-38)
A | Ocean-Ocean Collision |
B | Active Margin Collision |
C | Continent-Continent Collision |
D | Continent-Ocean Collision |
E | Passive Margin Collision |
Question 37 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 38 |
A | foredeep |
B | forebulge |
C | backbulge |
D | wedgetop |
E | suckdeep |
Question 39 |
A | downwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
B | clockwise direction. |
C | counter clockwise direction. (if you take to a bloody British, it will bloody anti-clockwise 🙂 |
D | upwards at 90 degrees to the rotational face. |
Question 40 |
A | hot spots |
B | subduction and trenches |
C | continental volcanoes |
D | sea-floor spreading and mid-ocean ridges |
E | transform faulting |
Question 41 |
A | Sediment influx will be significantly decreased as deposited sediments within the accommodation space is used up to produce new oceanic crust. |
B | Global sea level will be increase as the new oceanic crust takes up space in basins. |
C | Sediment influx will be significantly increased as continental crust is pushed further upwards resulting greater erosion. |
D | Active spreading ridges would have no impact on either sediment influx or global sea levels because this activity will be balanced through subduction. |
E | Global sea level will be decrease as new oceanic crust is formed due to spreading. |
Question 42 |
A | Wave-dominated deltas |
B | None of the answers are correct |
C | Tide-dominated deltas |
D | Fan deltas |
Question 43 |
A | passive zone. |
B | photic zone. |
C | active zone. |
D | coral reef zone. |
Question 44 |
If you were to indicate the boundary between the Indian-Asian crust, where would it be (choose from red letters)? (ID-SSF-40)
A | L |
B | A |
C | B |
D | F |
E | D |
Question 45 |
A | aggradation |
B | progradation |
C | transgredation |
D | retogradation |
Question 46 |
A | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
B | Fall in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
C | None of the answers listed here are correct. |
D | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline landwards. |
E | Rise in relative sea-level and movement of the shoreline seawards. |
Question 47 |
A | backbulge |
B | foredeep |
C | wedgetop |
D | forebulge |
Question 48 |
A | Bottomset |
B | Foreset |
C | Distalset |
D | Topset |
Question 49 |
A | Increase in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
B | Decrease in relative sea level and increased in sediment input at the same time. |
C | Increase in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
D | Decrease in relative sea level and uplift occurring at the same time. |
E | Increase in relative sea level and increase in subsidence the same time. |
Question 50 |
A | A. decreases B. increases |
B | A. decreases B. decreases |
C | A. increases B. increases |
D | A. increases B. decreases |
Question 51 |
A | on the volcanic arc |
B | near nonconformities |
C | near paraconformities |
D | near mid ocean ridges(MOR) |
E | on the basin floor fan. |
Question 52 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 53 |
A | It is based on the type of tectonic and basinal setting. |
B | Third-order |
C | First-order |
D | Second-order |
Question 54 |
A | They carry sediments on top of sea waters for a long distances out into the ocean before settling to the bottom. |
B | They often result in turbidites deposition. |
C | They are typically associated with low density sediment loads. |
D | They drive the forces needed for delta formation. |
E | They only occurred in the per-Cambrian and no longer observed in modern day environments. |
Question 55 |
A | Sandy deposits |
B | Clastic deposits |
C | Coastal plain deposits |
D | Muddy deposits |
Question 56 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 3 |
B | 4 |
C | 7 |
D | 2 |
E | 1 |
Question 57 |
A | Sediments will be mostly filled in the basin bypassing the deposition process on the continental shelf. |
B | Accommodation space will be moved towards the shoreline. |
C | Accommodation space always will be deceased significantly. |
D | Sediments will be mostly filled in the continental shelf with very little to no sed deposition on the basin. |
Question 58 |
A | False |
B | True |
Question 59 |
A | Disconformity |
B | Angular unconformity |
C | Nonconformity |
D | Hiatus |
E | Paraconformity |
Question 60 |
A | A discontinuity in the age of strata due to lack of deposition. |
B | The line between the lateral contact of two sets of widely different strata. |
C | A sudden increase of deposition in a specific window of geologic time. |
D | An unexplained nonconformity. |
Question 61 |
A | At first terrigenous clastic supply will rapidly increase the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will create chemical barriers reducing carbonate productivity. |
B | There is no effect because the carbonate productivity is independent of terrigenous clastic supply. |
C | At first it will rapidly decrease the carbonate productivity, but in the long run it will increase the carbonate productivity as terrigenous clastic supply will introduce essential chemical components to the system. |
D | Increased terrigenous clastic supply reduces carbonate productivity. |
Question 62 |
A | regression and transgression |
B | regression and forced regression |
C | forced regression |
D | regression |
E | transgression |
Question 63 |
A | more granitic |
B | more denser |
C | more basaltic |
D | more mafic |
Question 64 |
A | Increase in accommodation space |
B | Regression Hint: Close, but this is not the right term! |
C | Transgression |
D | Rising sea level |
E | Progradation |
Question 65 |
A | onlap |
B | erosional surface |
C | downlap |
D | toplap |
Question 66 |
A | True |
B | False |
Question 67 |
A | theoretical |
B | analytical |
C | spatial |
D | temporal |
E | practical |
Question 68 |
Diagram is copyrighted to pima.edu
A | 4 |
B | 5 |
C | 1 |
D | 2 |
E | 3 |
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Credits: Based on the excellent class notes provided by, Dr. Melissa Giovanni during Fall 2012.
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